日本における自閉症スペクトルの子供の感覚的サブタイプ:参加と家族の機能の特徴
Takuto Nakamura1, Reika Dobashi2, Haruka Noda3,4
1Kanagawa University of Human Services, Japan.
Autism : the international journal of research and practice
|September 2, 2025
まとめ
日本では自閉症スペクトル障害の幼稚園児の5つの感覚サブタイプが特定され 異なる参加と家族の機能に影響を及ぼしています これらの子どもとその家族を支援するには 適した介入が不可欠です
科学分野:
- 神経科学
- 発達心理学
- 小児科
背景:
- 自閉症スペクトル障害 (ASD) は,社会的コミュニケーションの欠陥と制限された,繰り返しの行動によって特徴づけられる神経発達状態です.
- 感覚処理の違いはASDの子供に多く見られ 日常の機能と参加に影響します
- 特定の感覚的サブタイプを理解することで,この集団に対する標的の介入を促すことができます.
研究 の 目的:
- 日本における自閉症スペクトル障害 (ASD) の幼稚園児の異なる感覚サブタイプを特定する.
- これらの感覚的サブタイプと参加制限の関連性を調べる.
- 家族の機能に対する感覚的サブタイプの影響を調査する.
主な方法:
- 日本におけるASDの幼稚園児 (3歳から6歳) の介護者264人を対象とした横断的な研究.
- 感覚の特徴は,ショート・センサリー・プロファイルの日本語版を用いて評価された.
- 統計的分析を行い,サブタイプを特定し,参加と家族の機能との関連を調べた.
主要な成果:
- 五つの感覚サブタイプが特定されました.味覚/嗅覚敏感,極端に非典型的,混合感覚,重力不安および運動困難,適応性です.
- 各サブタイプは,日常生活活動 (ADL) の困難 (ミックス・センサリー) とレジャー・制限 (味や匂いに敏感) を含む,異なる参加課題を示した.
- 極端に異常なグループは,すべての領域で重要な参加制限を示し,家族の機能に影響を与える追加の家族のサポートを必要としました.
結論:
- ASDの幼稚園児の感官サブタイプは,特定の参加と家族機能の結果と関連しています.
- これらの発見は,各感覚サブタイプに合わせた個別化された介入戦略の必要性を強調しています.
- パーソナライズされたアプローチは ASDの子どもたちの 日々の活動への参加を高め 全体の家族の幸福を向上させることができます
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