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高齢者における食道がんの世界的負担:時空的なパターンと格差,1990-2021年
Minxia Yang1, Liejiong Wang2, Xiuxia Chen3
1Department of Radiology, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province, China.
Journal of clinical gastroenterology
|September 2, 2025
まとめ
食道癌の負担は,年齢標準化された割合が低下しているにもかかわらず,世界中で高齢者の間で倍増しました. 地理的な差異とジェンダーの差異は,高齢者の健康問題に対する 標的型介入の必要性を強調しています.
科学分野:
- ゲロントロジー
- 流行病学
- 腫瘍学
背景:
- 世界の人口は老化しており 高齢者の食道がん (EC) の健康負担が増加しています
- 消化管がんは 世界中で高齢者の健康に重大な問題を抱えています
研究 の 目的:
- 1990年から2021年の間に60歳以上の人々の食道がん (EC) の世界的な負担を評価する.
- 高齢者のEC発症率,罹患率,死亡率,障害調整寿命年 (DALYs) の動向を分析する.
主な方法:
- 2021年世界疾病負荷 (GBD) のデータを活用して,EC結果の年齢標準化率 (ASR) を計算した.
- タイムトレンド分析のための平均年率変化 (AAPC) を決定するJoinpoint回帰.
- 社会人口指数 (SDI) とECのジェンダー比率との関係を調べるためにピアソンの相関分析を実施した.
主要な成果:
- 2021年,ECでは,高齢者の間で421,336件の発生症例,655,313件の流行症例,410,902件の死亡,および8,059,156件のDALYが報告され,1990年から倍増した.
- 年齢基準の発生率,死亡率,およびDALY率は減少した (AAPC: -0. 62, -0. 90, -1. 11),流行率は安定した (AAPC: -0. 04).
- 西サハラ以南のアフリカは最も急激に増加し,東アジアは最も高い2021年のASRを記録し,男性と女性の比率は世界的に増加し,SDIと正に相関しています.
結論:
- 消化管がんは高齢者にとって 大きく増大する課題です
- 高齢者の間で食道がんの負担は 明らかに地域と性別の格差があります
- 対象を絞った介入は 老化人口における食道がんの増加に 対処するために不可欠です
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