カザフスタンのヘルスケアシステムにおけるHIV関連の汚名に関する混合手法による研究
Balnur Iskakova1, Elizabeth J King2, Recai Murat Yucel3
1Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Kazakh National Medical University named after S.D, Asfendiyarov, Almaty, Kazakhstan.
PloS one
|September 2, 2025
まとめ
カザフスタンの医療従事者の間で高いHIVの汚名があります 87%が汚名付けの信念を持っています HIV感染者 (PLHIV) への接触の欠如と特定の人口統計は,HIV治療の効果を阻害する汚名を増加させる.
科学分野:
- 公衆衛生
- 医学社会学
- 流行病学について
背景:
- 医療従事者の間でのHIV関連の恥辱は 効果的なHIVケアと治療の大きな障害です
- この研究では,カザフスタンのアルマティの初等保健医療提供者におけるHIVの汚名と関連因子を調査した.
研究 の 目的:
- アルマティのプライマリヘルスケアクリニック (PHC) の医療従事者におけるHIV関連の汚名を評価する.
- この集団におけるHIV関連の汚名を伴う要因を特定する.
主な方法:
- 定量調査 (n=448) と定性面接 (n=10) を組み合わせた混合手法である.
- アルマトイの8つのPHCのランダムな選択
- 記述的統計,二変数分析,多変数ロジスティック回帰を用いた定量データ分析. 定性的なデータはテーマごとに分析されます.
主要な成果:
- 提供者の87%がHIV感染者 (PLHIV) に関する少なくとも1つの汚名発言に同意した.
- HIV感染への恐怖は一般的であった (85%). 長年の職業経験は保護的であった (AOR=0. 25),PLHIVへの最近の暴露の欠如は汚名を増加させた (AOR=3. 31).
- 定性的なデータは,特にセックスワーカーや伝統的でない人に対して,感染経路に基づいてPLHIVに対する否定的な態度を示した.
結論:
- アルマティの保健医療センターの医療従事者の間で HIV に関する汚名が顕著です.
- 恥辱は,PLHIVに限られた曝露と特定の社会人口学的要因に関連しています.
- カザフスタンでは,HIVに対する汚名を軽減し,HIV治療を改善するために,標的を絞った介入が不可欠です.
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