野生動物と家畜の8000年の体型データから 長期の同期と人間の影響による最近の分岐が明らかになりました
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PubMedで要約を見る
まとめ
この要約は機械生成です。西欧の動物の体長は環境と人間の要因によって進化した. 家畜と野生の種は 似たような傾向を示し その後の家畜の選択は 強化された.
科学分野
- 考古動物学
- 古代生態学
- 進化生物学
背景
- 国内哺乳類における長期の体格の進化は主に人間の選択と関連している.
- 動物の体型に対する環境と人為的な要因の相互作用と,野生と家畜の共同進化は,さらなる調査を必要としています.
- 地中海北西部は,長期の形態学的変化を研究するための豊富な考古動物学と古環境データを提供しています.
研究 の 目的
- 野生の動物と家畜の 体の大きさの進化を 分析するためです 過去8000年間 地中海沿岸のフランスで
- 環境 (植生,気候) と人為的 (人間活動) の要因が,この進化に及ぼす影響を調査する.
- 野生と家畜の進化の軌道を 探求すること
主な方法
- 311の考古学遺跡から 81,211の生体測定を分析した.
- 主要な野生 (鹿,赤狐,,ウサギ) と家畜 (羊,ヤギ,牛,豚,鶏) の体格の変化の検査
- 形態学的データと古環境再構築と人間の活動時間軸の相関関係
主要な成果
- 野生の動物と家畜の生物の 進化の長きにわたる同期性は 過去1千年にも見られた.
- 初期の新石器時代からローマ時代まで,環境条件は野生の種と家畜の種の両方に影響を及ぼした.
- 中世以降,家畜の種は人間の選択を強く経験し,人間の活動は野生の種にますます影響を及ぼしました.
結論
- 環境と人為的な要因は動的で複雑に動物の形態的進化を形作る.
- 環境要因は家畜の進化に 重要な役割を果たした.
- 人間の活動により 野生の群れやその生息地への影響は 徐々に大きくなってきました
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