中国とインドの高齢者の住居の質と認知障害との関連
Hongtao Cheng1, Yangyang Wu1, Shuangni Huang1
1School of Nursing, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD
|September 2, 2025
まとめ
住居の質の悪さは 中国とインドの高齢者の認知障害のリスクを大幅に高めています 住居環境の改善は 認知機能の低下や 認知症の予防に役立ちます
科学分野:
- ゲロントロジー
- 公衆衛生
- 環境 健康
背景:
- 住宅は健康の重要な社会的決定因子であり,高齢者の福祉に影響を与えます.
- 住居の質と認知障害の関連は 認知症の先駆けとして 世界的に十分に研究されていません
- 中国とインドでは 人口が急激に老化しているため 住居に関する健康上の課題に 直面しています
研究 の 目的:
- 住居の質と認知障害との関連を調べる
- 大規模な国家データセットを使用して,中国とインドの異なる文脈でこの関係を調査する.
主な方法:
- 中国保健・退職長期研究 (n=5136) とインドにおける長期老化研究 (n=29,124) のデータを活用した.
- 住宅の質は5つの指標で評価されます 材料,衛生,水へのアクセス,調理用燃料,電気などで 良い,中等,悪いと分類されます
- 年齢特有の基準を下回る最低1つの標準偏差に基づく認知障害
主要な成果:
- 住居の質と認知障害との間に有意な投与量反応関係が見られた.
- 適度な質の住宅は 良質の住宅と比較して 認知障害の確率を 1.54 (インド) と 1.41 (中国) 増加させた.
- 質の悪い住居は,認知障害の確率を1.94 (インド) と1.97 (中国) で高めた.
結論:
- 住居の質は高齢者の認知障害に影響を与える 重要な環境要因です
- 認知機能の低下や 認知症のリスクを軽減する戦略として 住居条件を改善するための介入が挙げられます
- 住居は高齢化社会における公衆衛生上の優先事項であることの重要性を強調しています.
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