入院患者の非合併症性膀炎に対する短期間静脈内ベータラクトーム
Payton Simpson1, Katie Wallace1,2, Katherine Olney1,2
1Department of Pharmacy Services, University of Kentucky HealthCare, Lexington, KY, USA.
Antimicrobial stewardship & healthcare epidemiology : ASHE
|September 2, 2025
まとめ
入院患者の急性非合併症性膀炎の治療には,静脈内ベータラクトーム抗生物質の3日コースは,より長いコースと同じくらい有効です. 経口経口経口経口経口経口経口経口経口経口経口経口経口経口経口経口経口
科学分野:
- 感染症
- 薬理学について
- 泌尿器科
背景:
- 現在のアメリカ感染症学会 (IDSA) のガイドラインでは,他の薬剤が実行不可能な場合には,合併症のない尿路感染症 (UTI) に対して,3〜7日の経口ベータラクタムコースを推奨しています.
- 静脈注射 (IV) ベータラクトムの急性無合併性膀炎の有効性に関するデータは限られている.
- 最近の研究では,抗菌薬の短期間投与が,急性無合併性膀炎に有効であることが示されています.
研究 の 目的:
- 短期間 (≤3日IV) と長期間 (≥4日) のベータラクタム抗生物質の不劣性を評価する.
- ベタラクタム治療の短期間と長期間の治療失敗率を比較する.
- クロストリディオイドス・ディフィシル感染,再入院,外来患者との接触など,二次的なアウトカムを評価する.
主な方法:
- 単一センターの,後向きの,劣等感のないコホート研究.
- 合併症のない急性膀炎で入院した成人の患者も含む.
- 患者はベータラクトーム抗生物質を3日以上 (IVで少なくとも1日) または4日以上投与された.
主要な成果:
- 短期治療群で33人,長期治療群で19人.
- 短期治療群では15. 2%,長期治療群では15. 8% (p=1,000) であった.
- セフトリアクソンは最も一般的な抗生物質で,平均総投与期間は3日 (短い) と6日 (長い) であった (p<0. 001).
結論:
- 経口投与を伴うベータラクタム治療の3日間の全コースは,急性非合併症性膀炎の入院患者について検討することができます.
- この患者群では,より短いベータラクタム投与期間が,より長い治療期間と比べて有効性を示しています.
- このアプローチは,初期IV治療を必要とする不合併性尿路感染症の治療に,より効率的な選択肢を提供することができる.
関連する概念動画
Acute Pyelonephritis II: Diagnostic Studies and Management
39
Introduction:For diagnosing acute pyelonephritis, a comprehensive patient history is collected to identify symptoms such as dysuria, frequent or urgent urination, flank pain, or costovertebral angle (CVA) tenderness that may suggest a kidney infection.Physical ExaminationDuring the physical examination, CVA tenderness is assessed. This involves gentle percussion over the costovertebral angle, where tenderness often indicates a kidney infection.Diagnostic TestsUrinalysis: Used to identify white...
39
Urinary Tract Infection III: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care
35
A healthcare provider can diagnose a urinary tract infection (UTI) through several methods:Medical History and Symptoms: The provider will take a detailed medical history and ask about symptoms such as frequent urination, burning sensation during urination, and lower abdominal pain.Urinalysis: A clean-catch urine sample is collected in a sterile container and tested for the presence of bacteria, white blood cells (leukocytes), nitrites, blood, and protein. The presence of leukocytes and...
35
Urine Studies II: Urine Culture and Sensitivity Test
112
A urine culture and sensitivity test is a diagnostic procedure used to identify urinary tract bacterial infections and determine the most effective antibiotics for treatment. This test is generally preferred when a patient shows manifestations of a urinary tract infection, such as frequent or painful urination, cloudy or foul-smelling urine, or lower abdominal pain.Purpose of the TestThe primary goals of a urine culture and sensitivity test are to:Determine the specific bacteria causing the...
112
Urinary Tract Infection IV: Nursing Management
87
In managing urinary tract infections (UTIs) in nursing, a comprehensive assessment is essential. Begin by gathering subjective data, such as the patient’s complaints of dysuria (painful urination), urinary frequency, urgency, suprapubic pain, and any lower abdominal discomfort. This information can be complemented by questions regarding previous UTIs, sexual activity, and personal hygiene practices, which can provide insight into risk factors. Objective assessment should focus on signs...
87
Urinary Tract Infection I: Introduction
47
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) impact various parts of the urinary system, including the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra. These infections are generally bacterial, with Escherichia coli being the most common causative agent, often originating from the gastrointestinal tract. However, other bacteria, such as Staphylococcus saprophyticus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Proteus mirabilis, are also known to cause UTIs. The type, location, and underlying complexity of the UTI guide both...
47
Pneumonia IV: Management
445
The treatment of pneumonia varies based on its severity and the causative pathogen. Here is a structured approach to managing pneumonia, integrating pharmaceutical and supportive care strategies.
Bacterial Pneumonia Treatment
For bacterial pneumonia, antibiotics serve as the cornerstone of therapy. Initial treatment often begins with empirical antibiotics, tailored to the anticipated causative organism and adjusted based on culture results. Key antibiotic choices include:
Bacterial Pneumonia Treatment
For bacterial pneumonia, antibiotics serve as the cornerstone of therapy. Initial treatment often begins with empirical antibiotics, tailored to the anticipated causative organism and adjusted based on culture results. Key antibiotic choices include:
445


