病院の看護師と老年病棟と神経科病棟の患者の間で機能に焦点を当てたケア:混合方法のプロセス評価
Selma Kok1,2, Elke G E Mathijssen1, Lisette Schoonhoven2,3
1Julius Centre for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 100, 3508 GA Utrecht, the Netherlands.
International journal of nursing studies advances
|September 2, 2025
まとめ
病院での機能集中ケアにより 医療の提供が改善され,入院時間が3. 3日短縮されました. しかし 患者の認識と機能状態は 大きく変化せず 実施の課題が明らかになりました
科学分野:
- 高齢者医療
- 神経科学
- 医療管理
背景:
- 機能指向ケア (FFC) は,入院患者の身体活動を増やすために設計された介入です.
- 以前の研究では,FFCは入院期間を短縮することが示されましたが,機能状態には影響はありません.
- プロセスの評価は,FFCの実装の忠実さ,影響のメカニズム,および文脈的要因を理解するために不可欠です.
研究 の 目的:
- FFCの実施に関する看護師と患者の経験を把握する.
- 老年病棟や神経病棟におけるFFCの実装の信頼性,影響のメカニズム,および文脈的要因を評価する.
主な方法:
- 段階的なケイン臨床試験と組み合わせたコンバージェントの並列混合方法試験
- データ収集には患者インタビュー,看護師フォーカスグループ,アンケート,観察,電子医療記録のスクリーニング,そして3つの時間点でのログブックが含まれています.
- 定性的なデータは主題的に分析され,定量的なデータは記述的統計を用いて,結果が合成されました.
主要な成果:
- FFCの原則に沿った介護の提供は,介入グループでは60%から75%に増加しました.
- 看護師は必要に応じてのみ患者を支援し,ADLの自己パフォーマンスを奨励したと報告しました.
- 患者はFFCを認識できず,実施の確率は様々なメカニズムや文脈的な要因によって影響を受けた.
結論:
- FFCの実施は介護の提供を向上させましたが,パーソナライズされたケア,インタープロフェッショナル・コラボレーション,看護のリーダーシップにおける課題を明らかにしました.
- 文脈的な要因と作業メカニズムは,実装の忠実さや利害関係者の経験に影響を与えました.
- 学んだ教訓は,介護の継続性を向上させ,パーソナライズされたケアのための時間制約に対処し,看護のリーダーシップと自律性を強化する必要性を強調しています.
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