福祉政策と自殺:日本における"貧困者の自立支援"の役割
1Osaka School of International Public Policy, The University of Osaka, 1-31, Machikaneyama-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-0043, Japan.
SSM - population health
|September 2, 2025
まとめ
日本 の"自立 支援 プログラム"は,特に 男性 や 中年 の 人々 の 自殺 率 の 低下 と 関連 し て い ます. 自殺率の減少に最も大きな影響を与えたのは 就職訓練でした
科学分野:
- 公衆衛生
- 社会学
- 犯罪学
背景:
- 日本では2010年代,自殺率が著しく減少しました.
- "貧困層の自立を支援する"プログラムは,基本的なニーズに直面している人々を助けるために開始されました.
- このプログラムでは 住居,生活必需品,雇用,財政管理などに 合わせた支援を提供しています.
研究 の 目的:
- "貧困者の自立支援"プログラムと2010年代の日本の自殺率の減少との関連を調査する.
主な方法:
- 差異分析では,日本の815の都市 (2009年−2015年) の毎月の自殺データを使用した.
- 政策の露出は,2013年から2015年にかけてのパイロットプログラムの導入によって定義されました.
- 副次的な分析では,サブプログラム申請者数と年間自殺率との相関を調べた.
主要な成果:
- 自立支援の導入は,男性の月間自殺率0.066%,女性の月間自殺率0.041の減少と関連していた.
- 60歳未満の個体,特に中年男性において,陽性効果が最も顕著でした.
- 10万人あたりの追加雇用訓練の申請は,男性の年間自殺率0.256%,女性の年間自殺率0.169と相関しています.
結論:
- 自立支援プログラムの実施は,特に男性と中年層の自殺率の減少と関連しています.
- 自殺率を下げるのに最も有効な要素は,就労訓練サブプログラムでした.
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