オブジェクトの機能と単語の再検討:幼児の機能認識はオブジェクトのタイプに依存する
1Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, United States.
まとめ
幼児
科学分野:
- 発達心理学
- 認知科学
- 言語学
背景:
- 幼児における物体機能の理解と言葉の習得との関係は 発達科学における長年の議論である.
- 幼児のオブジェクトの機能に関する知識が 語彙の発達にどのように影響するかは,これまでの研究で完全に解明されていません.
研究 の 目的:
- 幼児のオブジェクト機能の理解と言葉の知識との関係を調査する.
- 幼児がオブジェクトの機能についての期待を形成し,それが語彙のサイズとどのように関係するのかを決定します.
主な方法:
- 23~25ヶ月の40人の幼児が 対象物の使用に対する期待を評価する 優遇的な見方モデルに参加しました
- 幼児の語彙的知識は 見ながら聴く作業で測定されました
- 生産的な語彙は,マッカーサー・ベイツのコミュニケーション開発インベントリを用いて評価されました.
主要な成果:
- 幼児は 特定の物体の機能的な期待を示しました 特に日常的に使っている物体です
- 機能的な期待の強さは 物の典型的な機能と子供の語彙量と相関しています
- 研究対象の選択の個別の違いは,幼児の機能的な知識を示す能力に影響を与えました.
結論:
- 幼児のオブジェクトの機能の理解はオブジェクトに依存し,その語彙の大きさに関連しています.
- オブジェクトの機能に関する幼児の期待を形作るには,語彙の発達が役割を果たす可能性があります.
- 幼児の機能的知識を評価する際には,将来の研究で対象特異性を考慮すべきです.
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