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関連する概念動画

Plasticizers01:31

Plasticizers

114
Water-reducers, or plasticizers, are chemical admixtures used in concrete to improve strength and workability. These additives reduce the water-cement ratio without compromising workability, lower the cement content while maintaining the same workability, or increase workability to assist concrete placement in inaccessible areas.
Plasticizers function by using surface-active agents to create repulsive electrostatic forces between cement particles. This dispersion enhances the concrete's...
114
Types of Step-Growth Polymers: Polyesters01:20

Types of Step-Growth Polymers: Polyesters

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The introduction of polyesters has brought major development to the textile industry. The wrinkle-free behavior of polyester blends has eliminated the need for starching and ironing clothes.
Polyesters are commonly prepared from terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol; the crude product is known as poly(ethylene terephthalate) or PET. However, polyesters are synthesized industrially by transesterification of dimethyl terephthalate with ethylene glycol at 150 °C. The two reactants and the...
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Superplasticizers01:30

Superplasticizers

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Superplasticizers are advanced admixtures that enhance the workability of concrete by lowering the water content without compromising the strength of the material. These substances are highly effective water reducers, improving concrete flow, making it easier to work with, and enabling concrete to reach inaccessible areas or densely reinforced sections without mechanical vibration. The key components in superplasticizers are either sulfonated melamine or naphthalene formaldehyde condensates,...
116
Polymer Classification: Stereospecificity01:26

Polymer Classification: Stereospecificity

2.6K
Polymerization generates chiral centers along the entire backbone of a polymer chain. Accordingly, the stereochemistry of the substituent group has a significant effect on polymer properties. Polymers formed from monosubstituted alkene monomers feature chiral carbons at every alternate position in the polymer backbone. Relative to the predominant orientation of substituents at the adjacent chiral carbons, the polymer can exist in three different configurations: isotactic, syndiotactic, and...
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Polymer Classification: Architecture01:14

Polymer Classification: Architecture

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Polymers are classified as linear or branched on the basis of their chain architecture. The polymer chains in linear polymers have a long chain-like structure with minimal to no branching at all. Even if a polymer features large substituent groups on the monomer, which appear as branches to the skeleton, it is not considered a branched polymer. A branched polymer contains secondary polymer chains that arise from the main polymer chain. The branching occurs when the polymer growth shifts from...
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Retarders01:19

Retarders

104
Retarders are chemical admixtures designed to extend the setting time, which is especially useful when there is a delay in sequential concrete pours to prevent cold joints and to achieve a cohesive structure. Retarders, when used in appropriate amounts, can also enhance the architectural appearance of exposed aggregate finishes.
The function of retarders is to delay the setting of concrete, and this effect can be measured using a penetration test. The retardation process involves adding...
104

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分解・リサイクル可能なポリウレタン・サーモセットの割れる添加物

Kwangwook Ko1, David J Lundberg2, Valerie L Lensch1

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States.

ACS central science
|September 2, 2025
PubMed
まとめ
この要約は機械生成です。

化学的に分解可能なポリウレタン熱セットは,割れる添加物 (CA) を使用して達成されます. この研究は,ポリウレタンの循環性を強化する選択的な溶解と再ポリメリゼーションのための理論を導入し,低負荷CAを実証しています.

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The Preparation and Properties of Thermo-reversibly Cross-linked Rubber Via Diels-Alder Chemistry
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科学分野:

  • ポリマー化学
  • 材料科学
  • 持続可能な化学

背景:

  • ポリウレタン (PU) サーモセットは,永久的なクロスリンクにより,化学的にリサイクルすることが困難です.
  • PU分解の既存の方法は,しばしば非実用的で,完全な前体置換を必要とします.
  • 切断可能な添加物 (CA) は有望で費用対効果の高い代替品ですが,PUのようなエンドリンクシステムでは探索されていません.

研究 の 目的:

  • エンドリンクされたネットワークの解体のための最小CA負荷を予測するための一般化可能な理論を開発する.
  • シリルエーテルベースのCA (BCSとTCJ) のPU熱セットでの使用を実験的に検証する.
  • 添加物による解体と再ポリマー化によるPU循環性の可能性を実証する.

主な方法:

  • CAの負荷を導くために逆ゲルポイント理論の開発.
  • バイファンクション・クリアブル・ストランド (BCS) とトリファンクション・クリアブル・ジャンクション (TCJ) をPUネットワークに組み込む.
  • 選択的な溶解,材料特性の調整,化学再ポリメリゼーションの実験的検証.

主要な成果:

  • 最低CA負荷の予測理論が確立されました.
  • BCSとTCJの低負荷 (5-12 wt%) は選択的なPU溶解を可能にしました.
  • TCJはより高い分解効率を示し,組み合わせた添加物はプロパティチューニングを可能にしました.
  • 解体されたPU断片のリポリメリゼーション 複数のサイクルでメカニカル性能を保持した再生材料

結論:

  • 切断可能な添加物は,ポリウレタン熱セットの循環性を高めるための有効な戦略です.
  • 開発された理論的枠組みは,様々なエンドリンクされたポリマーネットワークにCAを適用するための基礎を提供します.
  • このアプローチはリサイクル可能なポリウレタン材料への 実践的な経路を提供します