肥料添加による耕土におけるメタンの緩和の可能性と,メタンの循環を調節した微生物群

Stijn G van den Bergh^1,2, Iris Chardon¹, Marion Meima-Franke¹

¹Department of Microbial Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), PO Box 50, 6700AB Wageningen, the Netherlands.

ISME communications

|September 2, 2025

まとめ

肥料の改良を用いた持続可能な農業は土壌を豊かにする

科学分野:

農業科学
環境科学
微生物学

背景:

大気中のメタン (CH4) の濃度上昇は,大きな温室効果ガスである農業によって引き起こされています (年間排出量の30%~50%).
効果的なメタンの削減戦略は地球温暖化を制限するために不可欠です.
堆肥のような有機的改良は研究室でのメタンの削減に有望な結果を示しています

研究の目的:

農業用土壌におけるメタンの減少の可能性に対する有機改変の影響をフィールド研究を通じて調査する.
耕地におけるメタンを循環する微生物のコミュニティに対する有機改変の影響を分析する.

主な方法:

有機修正剤で処理された耕地に関する広範なフィールド研究を実施した.
評価されたメタン (CH4) の酸化率と可能性
分子技術を用いたメタノトロフィックおよびメタノジェニック微生物群の特徴.

主要な成果:

有機改変された土壌は,メタン (CH4) の吸収率と酸化能力の増大を示した.
堆肥の適用により,土壌の微生物群が変化し,特定のメタノトロフとメタノゲンの豊富性が増加しました.
コンポストは*Methylocaldum szegediense*や*Methanosarcina horonobensis*のような特定の微生物を導入したが,従来型のIIaメタノトロフもCH4吸収の改善に関与していた.

結論:

肥料はメタンを循環する微生物を農業用土に導入するベクトルとして機能します.
有機肥料は,メタン (CH4) の排出を軽減する土壌の能力を高めます.
これは,農業におけるメタンの削減のための持続可能な戦略として,堆肥の使用の可能性を強調しています.

キーワード:

農業用土コンポストメタンメタノトロフオーガニック・エメンディメント土壌のメタン吸収の可能性

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