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関連する概念動画

Phosphoinositides and PIPs01:42

Phosphoinositides and PIPs

8.7K
Phosphoinositides are a group of phospholipids containing a glycerol backbone with two fatty acid chains and a phosphate attached to a myoinositol sugar ring. The inositol head group extends into the cytoplasm, where it is modified by adding phosphate groups to form phosphatidylinositol phosphates or PIPs.
Different phosphoinositides are synthesized and recruited on the cytosolic face of the plasma membrane. The localization of specific phosphoinositides concentrated in separate membrane...
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IP3/DAG Signaling Pathway01:11

IP3/DAG Signaling Pathway

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Membrane lipids such as phosphatidylinositol (PI) are precursors for several membrane-bound and soluble second messengers. Specific kinases phosphorylate PI and produce phosphorylated inositol phospholipids. One such inositol phospholipids are the  phosphatidylinositol-4,5 bisphosphate [PI(4,5)P2], present in the inner half of the lipid bilayer. Upon ligand binding, GPCR stimulates Gq proteins to turn on phospholipase Cꞵ. Activated phospholipase Cꞵ cleaves PI(4,5)P2 and...
12.4K
Other Stress Responses in Bacteria01:30

Other Stress Responses in Bacteria

64
Bacteria have global regulatory systems that control several types of stress mechanisms. These include Pho regulon and the heat shock response, which are essential systems for environmental adaptation, such as nutrient limitation and proteotoxic stress. The Pho regulon and the heat shock response exemplify bacterial resilience, enabling rapid adaptation to fluctuating environmental conditions.Pho RegulonBacteria require phosphorus for essential cellular processes, including nucleic acid...
64
Regulation of the Unfolded Protein Response01:31

Regulation of the Unfolded Protein Response

2.6K
Inositol-requiring kinase one or IRE1 is the most conserved eukaryotic unfolded protein response (UPR) receptor. It is a type I transmembrane protein kinase receptor with a distinctive site-specific RNase activity. As the binding mechanics of the misfolded proteins with the N-terminal domain of IRE-1 are unclear, three binding models — direct, indirect, and allosteric -- are proposed for receptor activation. Nevertheless, it is known that once a misfolded protein associates with IRE1, it...
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PI3K/mTOR/AKT Signaling Pathway01:22

PI3K/mTOR/AKT Signaling Pathway

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The mammalian target of rapamycin  (mTOR) is a serine/threonine kinase that regulates growth, proliferation, and cell survival in response to hormones, growth factors, or nutrient availability. This kinase exists in two structurally and functionally distinct forms: mTOR complex 1  (mTORC1) and mTOR complex 2  (mTORC2). The first form (mTORC1) is composed of a rapamycin-sensitive Raptor and proline-rich Akt substrate, PRAS40. In contrast,  mTORC2 consists of a...
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The Unfolded Protein Response01:37

The Unfolded Protein Response

5.1K
The ER is the hub of protein synthesis in a cell. It has robust systems to quality control protein folding and also for degradation of terminally misfolded proteins. Under normal conditions, a small proportion of misfolded proteins that cannot be salvaged need to be transported to the cytoplasm by the ER-associated degradation or ERAD pathways. However, if the ERAD cannot handle the misfolded proteins, the cell activates the unfolded protein response or UPR to adjust the protein folding...
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関連する実験動画

Updated: Sep 9, 2025

Fluorescence-Based Measurements of Phosphatidylserine/Phosphatidylinositol 4-Phosphate Exchange Between Membranes
08:49

Fluorescence-Based Measurements of Phosphatidylserine/Phosphatidylinositol 4-Phosphate Exchange Between Membranes

Published on: March 14, 2021

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フォスフォノシチド 相互作用 タンパク質 ストレス 前駆体 の 活動 を 調整 する

Pooja Roy, Blake A Rose, Suhita Ray

    bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology
    |September 2, 2025
    PubMed
    まとめ

    Samd14タンパク質は,貧血後の赤血球の産生中の自己消化を維持するために不可欠です. PI3Pとの相互作用により,健康な赤血球の形成を保証する.

    科学分野:

    • 細胞生物学
    • 血液学
    • 分子生物学

    背景:

    • Samd14タンパク質は,特に急性貧血のマウスモデルにおいて,細胞シグナル伝達と生存に重要な役割を果たします.
    • 赤血球前駆体分化中に重要なシグナル伝達経路を調整する,N端のアクチンキャピングタンパク質 (CP) とC端のステリルアルファモチブ (SAM) ドメインを有する.
    • 赤血球の前駆体では,急性貧血が加速するにつれて,オートファギーのプロセスが著しく変化します.

    研究 の 目的:

    • 急性貧血中の赤血球前駆体におけるバランスのとれた自己消化の維持におけるSamd14の役割を調査する.
    • Samd14とフォスファチチドリノシトール3酸化物 (PI3P) の間の相互作用を明らかにする.
    • Samd14 の存在と欠如において,VPS34 阻害が赤血球の分化に与える影響を決定する.

    主な方法:

    • 急性貧血状態における赤血球前駆体におけるオートファジー遺伝子シグネチャーとタンパク質の分析.
    • 生物化学的測定を用いて,Samd14のSAM領域とPI3Pの相互作用を調査する.
    • クラスIIIのPI3キナーゼVPS34の小分子阻害剤 (SAR405) を用いて,赤血球分化に対する効果を評価する.
    • 野生型とSamd14欠乏状態における赤血球分化に対するVPS34抑制の効果を比較する.

    さらに関連する動画

    Identification of Inositol Phosphate or Phosphoinositide Interacting Proteins by Affinity Chromatography Coupled to Western Blot or Mass Spectrometry
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    Identification of Inositol Phosphate or Phosphoinositide Interacting Proteins by Affinity Chromatography Coupled to Western Blot or Mass Spectrometry

    Published on: July 26, 2019

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    Radiolabeling and Quantification of Cellular Levels of Phosphoinositides by High Performance Liquid Chromatography-coupled Flow Scintillation
    10:52

    Radiolabeling and Quantification of Cellular Levels of Phosphoinositides by High Performance Liquid Chromatography-coupled Flow Scintillation

    Published on: January 6, 2016

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    関連する実験動画

    Last Updated: Sep 9, 2025

    Fluorescence-Based Measurements of Phosphatidylserine/Phosphatidylinositol 4-Phosphate Exchange Between Membranes
    08:49

    Fluorescence-Based Measurements of Phosphatidylserine/Phosphatidylinositol 4-Phosphate Exchange Between Membranes

    Published on: March 14, 2021

    4.2K
    Identification of Inositol Phosphate or Phosphoinositide Interacting Proteins by Affinity Chromatography Coupled to Western Blot or Mass Spectrometry
    08:07

    Identification of Inositol Phosphate or Phosphoinositide Interacting Proteins by Affinity Chromatography Coupled to Western Blot or Mass Spectrometry

    Published on: July 26, 2019

    8.6K
    Radiolabeling and Quantification of Cellular Levels of Phosphoinositides by High Performance Liquid Chromatography-coupled Flow Scintillation
    10:52

    Radiolabeling and Quantification of Cellular Levels of Phosphoinositides by High Performance Liquid Chromatography-coupled Flow Scintillation

    Published on: January 6, 2016

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    主要な成果:

    • Samd14の発現は,急性貧血後の赤血球前駆体におけるバランスのとれた自己消化を維持するために必要である.
    • Samd14は,そのSAMドメインを通じて,内体膜と自相膜の脂質成分であるPI3Pと直接相互作用する.
    • 唯一のPI3P生成キナーゼであるVPS34の抑制は,赤血球の形成を効果的に阻害しました.
    • Samd14の欠如は,依存性を示すエリトロイド分化を阻害するために,より高いVPS34阻害量を必要とした.

    結論:

    • Samd14は,急性貧血のストレス反応中の自閉性の調節に不可欠であり,原始細胞の維持を保証する.
    • Samd14とPI3Pの相互作用は,赤芽形成のバランスと成熟した赤血球の生成に不可欠です.
    • Samd14媒介による自己消化調節は,血液形成幹細胞群を維持し,赤血球の恒常性を確保する重要なメカニズムである.