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スマートフォンを使った8週間のフィールド実験で 道徳的な訴えをすることで 気候変動対策を動員する
Viktoria Spaiser1, Nicole Nisbett1
1School of Politics and International Studies, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.
まとめ
道徳的訴求は 炭素排出量を減らし 様々な政治的傾向による 気候変動対策を推進します しかし 利己的な価値観を持つ人は 反発し 二酸化炭素の排出量を増やすかもしれません
科学分野:
- 環境心理学
- 気候変動緩和行動
- 行動経済学
背景:
- 気候変動を効果的に緩和するには ライフスタイルの大幅な調整と 政策変更に対する国民の支持が必要です
- 個人の行動を理解することは ターゲットを絞った気候変動対策の開発に不可欠です
研究 の 目的:
- 日々の行動,炭素排出量,市民的/政治的関与に対する道徳的訴求の影響を調査する.
- 政治的な傾向や価値観といった 個人の違いが 道徳的訴求の影響を 緩和する方法を分析する
主な方法:
- スマートフォンのカスタマイズされたアプリを用いたフィールド実験で,日々の行動に関する詳細なデータ (N=156,8週間にわたる7615件の観察) を収集した.
- データ収集には6つの領域における二酸化炭素相当 (CO2e) 排出量,市民的/政治的行動,心理的変数 (価値観,態度,感情,行動) が含まれていた.
主要な成果:
- 道徳的な訴求は,全体的な炭素排出量 (暖房,食料,消費) を大幅に削減し,気候に関連する市民的および政治的行動を増加させた.
- 中心派や右派をはじめとする 政治的スペクトル全体で これらのポジティブな効果が観察されました
- エゴイストな個人が 道徳的訴求に伴い 炭素排出量 (食べ物,車での移動) を増加させることが 認められた.
結論:
- 倫理的な訴えは 気候に優しい行動や 政治的な関与を促進する 有効なツールです
- 介入は個人の違い,特に利己的な価値観を考慮し,潜在的な反発を軽減する必要があります.
- 未来の研究では 異なる集団に合わせた メッセージング戦略を探る必要があります
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