聴覚障害児の早期介入サービスへの適時登録の障壁を理解する
Krystal L Werfel1, Eddie Okosi1, Brittany Grey1
1Boys Town National Research Hospital, Omaha, NE.
まとめ
多くの家族は 早期診断にもかかわらず 聴覚障害の幼児への早期介入に 障壁に直面しています こうした課題に取り組むには 難聴や難聴の子どもたちのための 適切な支援を確保するために 複数のシステムにわたる政策と実践の変更が必要です
科学分野:
- 小児科
- 聴覚学
- 発達心理学
背景:
- 幼児聴覚に関する合同委員会のガイドラインは 聴覚障害と診断された乳児の6ヶ月の早期介入を推奨しています
- 3ヶ月で診断された多くの子供は 6ヶ月で早期治療を受けていません
- 早期の介入への障壁を理解することは 適切な支援に不可欠です
研究 の 目的:
- 聴覚障害のある子どもを 早期医療支援サービスに登録する際に 直面する障壁を調査する.
- 3ヶ月までに診断された乳児の早期介入を妨げている要因を特定する.
主な方法:
- 3ヶ月で聴覚障害と診断されたが,6ヶ月で早期介入に登録されていない子供の10人の介護者に対して,質的半構造面接が行われました.
- 参加者は以前の研究から採用された (Grey et al., 2022).
- インタビューデータは,人間開発のバイオエコロジカル・モデル (Boecological Model of Human Development) フレームワークを用いてコード化されました.
主要な成果:
- 家族は複数の生態系に広がる障壁に遭遇し,早期介入への参加に影響を与えました.
- 障壁は,子供に特有の特徴から,保険の範囲を含む,より広範なマクロレベルの問題までありました.
- これらのシステム上の障壁は 聴覚障害のある乳児にとって不可欠な早期医療へのアクセスを遅らせます
結論:
- 聴覚障害を持つすべての子どもたちが 早期治療を受けられるようにするには 政策と実践に システム的な変化が必要である.
- 介入は,個々の家庭のニーズから社会構造に至るまで,すべての生態学的レベルでの障壁に対処しなければなりません.
- 聴覚障害のある幼児の発達に 早期の介入へのアクセスを改善することは 極めて重要です
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