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関連する概念動画

Histone Modification02:32

Histone Modification

13.8K
The histone proteins have a flexible N-terminal tail extending out from the nucleosome. These histone tails are often subjected to post-translational modifications such as acetylation, methylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination. Particular combinations of these modifications form “histone codes” that influence the chromatin folding and tissue-specific gene expression.
Acetylation
The enzyme histone acetyltransferase adds acetyl group to the histones. Another enzyme, histone...
13.8K
Spreading of Chromatin Modifications02:25

Spreading of Chromatin Modifications

8.5K
The histone proteins in the nucleosomes are post-translationally modified (PTM) to increase or decrease access to DNA. The commonly observed PTMs are methylation, acetylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination of lysine amino acids in the histone H3 tail region. These histone modifications have specific meaning for the cell. Hence, they are called "histone code". The protein complex involved in histone modification is termed as "reader-writer" complex.
Writers
The writer...
8.5K
Chromatin Modification in iPS Cells01:32

Chromatin Modification in iPS Cells

1.9K
Chromatin modification alters gene expression; therefore, scientists can add histone-modifying enzymes, histone variants, and chromatin remodeling complexes to somatic cells to aid reprogramming into pluripotent stem (iPS) cells.
Compact chromatin makes reprogramming difficult. Enzymes, such as histone demethylases and acetyltransferases, are often added during reprogramming to loosen the chromatin, making the DNA more accessible to transcription factors. Molecules that inhibit histone...
1.9K
Combinatorial Gene Control02:33

Combinatorial Gene Control

8.4K
Combinatorial gene control is the synergistic action of several transcriptional factors to regulate the expression of a single gene. The absence of one or more of these factors may lead to a significant difference in the level of gene expression or repression.
The expression of more than 30,000 genes is controlled by approximately 2000-3000 transcription factors. This is possible because a single transcription factor can recognize more than one regulatory sequence. The specificity in gene...
8.4K
RNA Polymerase II Accessory Proteins02:36

RNA Polymerase II Accessory Proteins

9.4K
Proteins that regulate transcription can do so either via direct contact with RNA Polymerase or through indirect interactions facilitated by adaptors, mediators, histone-modifying proteins, and nucleosome remodelers. Direct interactions to activate transcription is seen in bacteria as well as in some eukaryotic genes. In these cases, upstream activation sequences are adjacent to the promoters, and the activator proteins interact directly with the transcriptional machinery. For example, in...
9.4K
Position-effect Variegation02:32

Position-effect Variegation

6.5K
In 1928, a German botanist Emil Heitz observed the moss nuclei with a DNA binding dye. He observed that while some chromatin regions decondense and spread out in the interphase nucleus, others do not. He termed them euchromatin and heterochromatin, respectively. He proposed that the heterochromatin regions reflect a functionally inactive state of the genome. It was later confirmed that heterochromatin is transcriptionally repressed, and euchromatin is transcriptionally active chromatin.
6.5K

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関連する実験動画

Updated: Sep 9, 2025

Investigating Interactions Between Histone Modifying Enzymes and Transcription Factors in vivo by Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer
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Investigating Interactions Between Histone Modifying Enzymes and Transcription Factors in vivo by Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer

Published on: October 14, 2022

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植物進化におけるポリコンブ群関連ヒストン変容体と付属タンパク質の相互作用

Ahamed Khan1, Biswajit Ghosh1, Daniel Schubert1

  • 1Institute of Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany.

Current opinion in plant biology
|September 2, 2025
PubMed
まとめ

アクセサリータンパク質は,ポリコンブ群複合体のように,植物の開発と適応を形作るために,コア表遺伝子調節剤と共に進化した. このレビューは,ヒストン改変複合体間のクロストークを媒介する彼らの共同進化と役割を調査する.

科学分野:

  • 植物分子生物学
  • エピジェネティクスとクロマチン調節
  • 進化的発達生物学

背景:

  • エピジェネティック・レギュレータは,環境と発達シグナルに反応してクロマチンの改変によって遺伝子発現を制御する.
  • これらのレギュレータは多タンパク質複合体として機能し,多くの場合,ダイナミックなクロマチンの状態を維持するために付属タンパク質と相互作用します.
  • 植物におけるコアヒストン修飾レギュレータとその付属タンパク質の共進化史は十分に理解されていません.

研究 の 目的:

  • 植物における主要なヒストン改変調節体の進化軌道を検討する.
  • ポリコンブ群 (PcG) 複合体とその付属タンパク質の共進化に特化した.
  • 保護された表遺伝子成分を調節し,植物進化を推進する補助タンパク質の役割を明らかにする.

主な方法:

  • 植物表遺伝子調節剤に関する既存の研究を統合した文献レビュー.
  • 植物系における保存された核成分と付属タンパク質の比較分析
  • ポリコンブ群複合体とその付属タンパク質に焦点を当てた.

主要な成果:

  • アクセサリータンパク質は 保存された核の表遺伝子機構の活性を 微調整するために進化しました
  • これらの付属タンパク質は 植物における重要な進化的革新を可能にするために 重要な役割を果たしてきました

さらに関連する動画

Chromatin Immunoprecipitation Assay for the Identification of Arabidopsis Protein-DNA Interactions In Vivo
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Chromatin Immunoprecipitation Assay for the Identification of Arabidopsis Protein-DNA Interactions In Vivo

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Detection of Histone Modifications in Plant Leaves
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Detection of Histone Modifications in Plant Leaves

Published on: September 23, 2011

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関連する実験動画

Last Updated: Sep 9, 2025

Investigating Interactions Between Histone Modifying Enzymes and Transcription Factors in vivo by Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer
11:33

Investigating Interactions Between Histone Modifying Enzymes and Transcription Factors in vivo by Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer

Published on: October 14, 2022

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Chromatin Immunoprecipitation Assay for the Identification of Arabidopsis Protein-DNA Interactions In Vivo
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Chromatin Immunoprecipitation Assay for the Identification of Arabidopsis Protein-DNA Interactions In Vivo

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Detection of Histone Modifications in Plant Leaves
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Detection of Histone Modifications in Plant Leaves

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  • アクセサリータンパク質は,異なるヒストン修飾複合体間のクロストークを媒介し,全体的な表遺伝的景観に影響を与えます.

    • 結論:

    • アクセサリータンパク質は 植物表遺伝学における重要な進化の原動力であり 発達と適応に影響を与えます
    • コアレギュレータと付属タンパク質の共進化を理解することで 植物の進化史の洞察が得られます
    • 付属タンパク質による相互作用は,植物の表遺伝子多様性を形成する上でその重要性を強調しています.