アマゾンの熱帯雨林の変化に 気候変動と森林破壊の相互作用
Marco A Franco1,2, Luciana V Rizzo3, Márcio J Teixeira4
1Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil. marco.franco@usp.br.
Nature communications
|September 2, 2025
まとめ
森林伐採はアマゾンの気候に大きく影響を及ぼし,気温が上昇し,乾季の降雨量が減少しています. 温室効果ガスの排出は地球規模で 主な原因ですが 地域の森林破壊は 地域規模で大きな影響を及ぼしています
科学分野:
- 環境科学
- 気候科学
- エコロジー
背景:
- アマゾンの熱帯雨林は 気候の安定に影響を与える 重要な地球規模の生態系です
- 土地利用,植生,気候の変化は 生物圏と大気圏の 重要な相互作用を妨げています
- 水,エネルギー,炭素の循環の変化は 世界的な影響を及ぼします
研究 の 目的:
- アマゾンの気候パラメータに対する 森林伐採と地球温暖化による 明確な影響を定量化する.
- 気候変動による森林損失の影響を解明するために長期データを分析する.
主な方法:
- ブラジル・レガル・アマゾンの29か所の大気と地表のデータ (1985-2020年) の分析.
- 森林の喪失と気候の変数 (気温,降水,温室効果ガス) の影響を区別するために,パラメトリック統計モデルを使用した.
主要な成果:
- 大気中のメタン (CH4) と二酸化炭素 (CO2) の増加の主な原因は,世界の排出量 (>99%) です.
- 森林伐採により,地表の気温が高くなり,乾季の降水量が減少しました.
- 35年間で森林伐採は 干ばつの季節の降雨量に約74%の減少と 最大気温上昇に約16.5%の減少をもたらしました
結論:
- 気候変動と森林破壊の影響を 理解することは アマゾンにとって極めて重要です
- この重要な生態系を守るために 有効な緩和と適応戦略が必要です
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