西インドにおける産前ケア参加者および関連因子のHIV感染傾向の分析 (2008-2021)

Prachi Ravindra Phadke¹, Aditi Jayant Kulkarni², Sheela V Godbole³

¹Senior Consultant Epidemiologist, Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, ICMR-National Institute of Translational Virology and AIDS Research, Pune, Maharashtra, India.

Indian journal of public health

|September 3, 2025

まとめ

インド西部の妊婦のHIV感染率は2008年の0.4%から2021年の0.2%に減少した. HIV 陽性と関連している主要な要因は,配偶者です.

科学分野:

流行病学
公衆衛生
感染症の監視

背景:

産前ケア (ANC) の参加者におけるHIV感染率の定期的なモニタリングは,HIVの流行を理解するために極めて重要です.
妊婦のHIV感染に影響を与える要因を特定することは,標的を絞った介入に不可欠です.

研究の目的:

2008年から2021年までの西インドにおけるANC参加者のHIV感染傾向を分析する.
この集団におけるHIV陽性に関連した要因を特定する.

主な方法:

インド西部のANC参加者からのHIVセンチネル監視データの二次分析 (2008-2021年).
Mantel-Haenszel 線形対線形 χ2 テストによる傾向分析
HIV陽性に関連した要因を特定するためのロジスティック回帰.

主要な成果:

ANC参加者のHIV感染率は2008年の0.4%から2021年の0.2%に減少した.
HIV陽性と関連した要因には,別居の配偶者,トラック運転手/助手,ホテル業界で働く配偶者が含まれています.
2回目の妊娠中の青少年のHIV感染率は0. 0% (2008年) から0. 9% (2021年) に増加した.

結論:

HIV感染率が低下していることは,西インドでプログラムが効果的に実施されていることを示しています.
特定されたリスク要因は,集中的な予防戦略を開発するための重要な洞察を提供します.
青春期妊娠と移動性/一時的な集団には特に注意が必要です.

キーワード:

産前ケア参加者 HIV ウイルス HIV 感染率インド

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