インド南部の囚人のHIV感染率と関連リスク要因:HIVセンチネルサーベイランス2019-2020からの証拠
Balasubramanian Ganesh1, Aridoss Santhakumar2, Jaganathasamy Nagaraj3
1Scientist-E, Laboratory Sciences Division, ICMR-National Institute of Epidemiology (ICMR-NIE), TNHB, Ayapakkam, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
Indian journal of public health
|September 3, 2025
まとめ
インド南部の囚人は一般人よりもHIV感染率が高く リスクの高い行動と低いHIV検査率を示しています 検査と行動変化のコミュニケーションを 改善するために緊急の介入が必要です
科学分野:
- 公衆衛生
- 流行病学について
- 感染症
背景:
- 刑務所の収容者は 世界的にHIVに感染する リスクの高いグループとして認識されています
- インドの刑務所におけるHIV センチネル監視 (HSS) は,2019年から2年ごとにHIV 感染率と傾向をモニタリングしています.
研究 の 目的:
- インド南部の囚人の間で HIVと梅毒の流行を推定する.
- この集団のHIVリスク行動の評価をするために
主な方法:
- 南部の6つの州で12の中央刑務所で横断的な研究デザインが採用されました.
- 単純なランダムサンプリングで18歳以上の男性囚人を4717人募集し,社会統計データ,行動データ,HIV/梅毒検査を行った.
主要な成果:
- 総体HIV感染率は1.1%で,テランガナ州 (3%) とアンドラプラデシュ州 (1.9%) で高い.
- 梅毒の陽性性と生涯の性行為は,HIV感染率の増加と関連していました.
- 囚人の50%以上はHIV検査を受けず 最後の性行為でコンドームを使ったのは15%でした
結論:
- インドの刑務所のHIV感染率は 一般人よりも高いのです
- 多くの囚人がHIVに感染する 危険性のある行動をとっており 検査や治療へのアクセスの ギャップを明らかにしています
- 行動変化のためのHIV検査と情報・教育・コミュニケーション (IEC) を急務に必要としている.
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