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精神疾患と診断された失業者の健康に関する生活の質:横断的な研究
A P Liegert1, F S Hussenoeder2, M Koschig2
1Institute of Social Medicine, Occupational Health and Public Health, Leipzig University, Ph.-Rosenthal-Str. 55, 04103, Leipzig, Germany. paula.liegert@medizin.uni-leipzig.de.
まとめ
失業は精神疾患を持つ人の健康関連の生活の質 (HRQoL) に悪影響を及ぼす. 労働能力と症状の負担が低くなり,HRQoLが著しく改善され,標的型支援が福祉と雇用の見通しを向上させることを示唆しています.
科学分野:
- 精神科
- 公衆衛生
- 労働衛生について
背景:
- 失業は精神的・身体的な健康を損なう危険因子であり,健康関連の生活の質 (HRQoL) を低下させます.
- 精神疾患と失業の組み合わせは 慢性的な症状を悪化させ 雇用可能性を阻害します
- この研究は,精神障害を持つ個人の失業,HRQoL,および関連する要因の相互作用を調査しています.
研究 の 目的:
- 失業率,HRQoL,および様々な仕事と健康に関連する要因との関連を調べる.
- 精神疾患を持つ失業者のHRQoLに人口統計的,心理的,職業的要素がどのように影響するか理解する.
主な方法:
- 精神障害を持つ452人の失業者の横断的な分析は,ライプツィヒ-個別の配置とサポート (LIPSY) プロジェクトからのものです.
- HRQoLはSF-12を用いて評価され,Physical Component Summary (PCS) とMental Component Summary (MCS) を測定した.
- 多重回帰分析では,年齢,性別,教育,社会的要因,失業期間,労働能力スコア (WAS),およびうつ病,不安,および体質化の症状チェックリスト (Mini-SCL) のスコアを含む予測要因が調査されました.
主要な成果:
- 高齢と体格はPCSの低下と関連しており,女性の性別,労働能力,および不安はPCSの上昇と関連していた.
- 高等教育,鬱,不安はMCSの低下と相関し,労働能力はMCSと正の関連を示した.
- 労働能力は,HRQoLの身体的および精神的なコンポーネントの要約にとって重要なポジティブな予測因子として浮上しました.
結論:
- 人口統計学的,心理的,仕事に関連する要因は,精神疾患を持つ失業者のHRQoLと複雑な関係を示しています.
- 労働能力の向上と心理的苦痛の軽減を目的とした介入は,HRQoLと雇用可能性の両方を高めることができます.
- この人口に対する支援措置は,全体的な福祉と職業上の成果を向上させることで,二重の利益をもたらす可能性があります.
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