中国南部におけるがん症例の3分の1以上とがんによる死亡の5分の2は予防可能である.最新の代表的な集団ベースのがん登録データとリスク因子調査からの洞察
Xiaolan Wen1, Yu Liao2, Jiayue Li1
1National Central Cancer Registry Office, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
International journal of cancer
|September 3, 2025
まとめ
ガン発症のほぼ3分の1と ガンによる死亡の5分の2は 予防可能なものです 喫煙,アルコール,感染症などの 変更可能な危険因子に対処することは 癌の負担を減らすための鍵です
科学分野:
- 流行病学
- 公衆衛生
- 癌 研究
背景:
- 癌の予防に有効な介入には 変更可能な危険因子の評価が不可欠です
- これらの要因に起因する癌の負担を定量化することで 標的型戦略を策定できます
研究 の 目的:
- 2019年に広東の15の変更可能なリスク因子によるがん発生率と死亡率の推定割合.
- 地域的な予防活動のために,高負担の癌とリスク要因を特定する.
主な方法:
- 2010年のリスク因子の流行と相対的なリスクに基づいてPAFを推定するためにレヴィンの方法が使用されました.
- PAFは年齢層,性別,危険因子,癌の種類によって計算され,集計された.
- 2019年のがん負担データを用いて,因果的ながん症例を決定した.
主要な成果:
- 発生した癌の34. 4%と癌による死亡の44. 5%は,修正可能な危険因子に関連していた.
- 男性は女性 (22. 9% の発生率, 29. 9% の死亡率) よりもPAF (44. 3% の発生率, 52. 0% の死亡率) が高かった.
- 子宮頸部,鼻,口腔/喉,肝臓,喉のがんでは,70%以上の割合が認められた.
結論:
- 広東における癌の重荷の大部分は 修正可能なリスク要因に対処することで 予防可能である.
- 喫煙,アルコール,感染制御に焦点を当てた標的型介入は不可欠です.
- リスクファクター緩和を公衆衛生政策に組み込むことは,がん予防に不可欠です.
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