腸-肺軸経由によるウイルス感染に対する肺免疫応答の調節における腸微生物群の役割
Na Chen1, Lianke Li2, Yanhua Han3
1Department of Pediatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550003, People's Republic of China.
Journal of inflammation research
|September 3, 2025
まとめ
腸肺軸をプロバイオティクスや 糞便の微生物移植などの 介入で調節することで ウイルス性呼吸器感染症に対する 免疫反応が強化され 新しい治療法が期待できます
科学分野:
- 微生物学
- 免疫学
- 肺科
背景:
- インフルエンザ,RSV,SARS-CoV-2などのウイルス性呼吸器感染症は,世界的な健康リスクをもたらします.
- 腸-肺軸は 腸の微生物群と肺の間の コミュニケーション経路であり 肺の免疫に不可欠です
- 腸不活性症は肺免疫の低下と感染感度の上昇と関連しています.
研究 の 目的:
- ウイルス性呼吸器感染症における腸肺軸の役割を検討する.
- 肺免疫強化のための微生物系ベースの介入に関する証拠を合成する.
- 補助療法としての腸肺軸変調の可能性を 探求するためです
主な方法:
- 動物モデルと臨床試験の文献レビュー
- 代謝産物と神経免疫信号を含む腸肺軸内の伝達経路の分析
- プロバイオティクス,プレバイオティクス,糞便微生物移植 (FMT),中国伝統医学などの介入の評価.
主要な成果:
- 腸内微生物群の代謝物 (SCFAなど) と迷走神経の信号伝達が肺の免疫細胞を調節する.
- プロバイオティクス (例えば,Lactobacillus gasseri),プレバイオティクス,FMT,TCMなどの介入は,抗ウイルスサイトカインの産生を高め,肺炎を軽減します.
- FMTはマウスのインフルエンザ耐性を改善し,プロバイオティクスはCOVID-19患者の呼吸不全リスクを軽減した.
結論:
- 腸肺軸調節は ウイルス性呼吸器感染症の 補助策として有望です
- 微生物群ベースの治療法では 腸肺平衡を回復し 抗ウイルス防御を強化できます
- 将来の研究は,個別化された治療法と臨床試験に焦点を当てて,有効性と安全性を確認する必要があります.
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