移民人口における食生活の変化と健康への影響:グローバルな視点
Joseph Vinod Varre1, Mia Dustin1, Stephan Van Vliet1
1Department of Nutrition, Dietetics, and Food Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, UT, United States.
Frontiers in nutrition
|September 3, 2025
まとめ
移民はしばしば加工食品が多く 西洋の食生活を採用し 慢性疾患のリスクを高めます 健康的な食生活への移行を支援し,健康への影響を軽減するために,文化的に敏感な介入が必要です.
科学分野:
- 公衆衛生
- 栄養学
- 社会学
背景:
- 移民によるホスト国の食事の採用は,世界的な移住パターンによる懸念事項です.
- この変化には 超加工食品,加糖,脂肪の消費が多くなり 慢性疾患のリスクも高まります
研究 の 目的:
- 移住者集団の食事の変化に関する世界的な証拠を統合する.
- これらの食生活の変化が 健康に及ぼす影響を評価する
- 食事の習慣化と健康への影響を左右する要因を特定する.
主な方法:
- PubMed,Scopus,Web of Science (2000年~2024年) で,対象となる文献検索が行われました.
- キーワードには食事の慣習,移住,健康の結果が含まれています.
- 重要なテーマを特定するために,含有基準を満たす30の研究を合成しました.
主要な成果:
- 移民は,エネルギー密度の高い加工食品の摂取量 (15~20%) を増加させ,伝統的な主食 (10~15%) を減少させる傾向を示しています.
- 食事の変化は肥満 (5-10%),2型糖尿病 (7-12%) と心血管疾患の高リスクと相関しています.
- 調節因子には,居住期間,移住時の年齢,社会経済的地位,食品環境,健康識字が含まれます.腸内微生物群の変化も指摘されています.
結論:
- 移民の慢性疾患のリスクを増やす複雑なプロセスです
- 文化に敏感な公衆衛生の介入は,健康的な伝統的な食事の保存と適応を促進するために不可欠です.
- 縦断データや 代表が不足しているグループなどの 研究のギャップを埋めることは 効果的な健康戦略に不可欠です
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