イベリア南東部の巨石社会における火葬の慣行: ロス・ミラネスの墓地

Paula Becerra Fuello¹, Gonzalo Aranda Jiménez¹, Miriam Vílchez Suárez¹

¹Department of Prehistory and Archaeology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.

PloS one

|September 3, 2025

まとめ

イベリアの石器時代の葬儀の慣行は新しい変化を示しています. 火葬の儀式は火葬された人間の遺体の複数の堆積を伴うもので埋葬の同時に行われていて身体の操作の様式が様々でした

科学分野:

考古学
生物考古学
材料科学

背景:

イベリア南東部のカルコリート時代の葬儀習慣は以前は均一だったと考えられていた.
ロス・ミラネスの墓地での発掘によって,埋葬慣習の意外な多様さが明らかになった.

研究の目的:

焼却した人間の遺体を含むユニークな葬儀の特徴です
石器時代における身体操作の多様性を理解する

主な方法:

焼却した骨の分析
放射性炭素年代測定と安定同位体分析 (炭素,酸素,ストロンチウム)
フーリエ変換赤外線スペクトロスコーピー (FTIR-ATR) を用いて材料の特徴を決定する.

主要な成果:

少なくとも21人の火葬された人間の骨を埋めた巨大な墓を発見した
紀元前3千年 (紀元前28世紀) の第1四半期における年代的集中
証拠によると火葬は別の場所で行われ死後すぐに全身が焼かれ遺骸が採取され埋葬されたとされています

結論:

焼却の儀式は埋葬と共存しかつては認められなかった石器時代の葬儀の様相を明らかにした.
火葬は死者の本体的な地位を変えてしまい身体は区別がつかない状態になりました
この発見は,この地域における石器時代の埋葬習慣の統一性に関する以前の仮定に異議を唱えます

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