質問書の抽象的および非特定の項目の使用:一般的な方法のバイアスによる人格研究における人工的な発見の危険性
Marcus Roth1, Luca A Naudszus1
1Department of Psychology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany.
Acta psychologica
|September 3, 2025
まとめ
マンハイム・ドリーム・アンケート (MADRE) のようなグローバル・レトロスペクティブ・測定は,ポジティブな自己認識バイアスによる人格特性の相関を膨らませる可能性があります. 実際の夢の気分は これらの後回し的な気分評価と弱い相関を示しています
科学分野:
- 心理学
- 人格心理学
- 心理測定法
背景:
- コモン・メソッド・バイアスは,応答傾向によるコンストラクタ間の共変性を膨らませることができる.
- ポジティブな自己認識 (自尊心,楽観主義など) は,自己報告データに影響を与える可能性があります.
- 追溯的なアンケートは,気分評価に影響を与えるバイアスに敏感です.
研究 の 目的:
- 追溯的な夢の気分評価における一般的な方法のバイアスを調べる
- ポジティブな自己認識が夢の気分報告に与える影響を調べる
- 日々の夢の気分報告と 振り返った夢の気分測定を比較する.
主な方法:
- 研究1: マンハイム・ドリーム・アンケート (MADRE) の気分項目と自尊心,楽観主義,生活満足度の共通因子を調べた.
- 研究2: 128人の被験者が14日間毎日夢の気分を報告し,MADREは初期と終盤に投与され,NEO- FFIは終盤に投与された.
- 相関関係と因数分析を含む統計的分析が用いられました.
主要な成果:
- MADREの気分は,自尊心,楽観主義,現在の感情状態と相関していました.
- 研究2では,MADREの気分項目と,実際の日々の夢の気分との相関が弱いことが示されました.
- MADREのスコアを遡るが 日々の平均ではなく 神経症と相関し 人工的な膨張を示唆している
結論:
- 全局的な遡及的な気分測定は,夢の気分のような特定の経験ではなく,主に一般的な気分と人格を反映している可能性があります.
- ポジティブな自己認識のバイアスは 振り返った気分評価を 歪める可能性があります
- この研究結果は,前後の気分測定値と人格特性の間の相関を解釈する際には注意を促している.
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