植物とムシンの分解に関与する腸内微生物群の遺伝子は,健康な米国の成人の食事と腸内炎症と相関する
Sarah E Blecksmith1, Andrew Oliver2, Zeynep Alkan2
1Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA; Department of Food Science and Technology, University of California, Davis, CA.
The Journal of nutrition
|September 3, 2025
まとめ
健康な成人の食物繊維の摂取は,腸内微生物の炭水化物活性酵素 (CAZyme) 能力と関連しています. Muc2Plantの比率を下げると,胃腸の炎症が減る可能性があります.
科学分野:
- 微生物群の研究
- 栄養学
- 胃腸の健康について
背景:
- 食中の炭水化物は腸内微生物の組成と機能に大きく影響し 人間の健康に潜在的に影響を及ぼします
- 健康なアメリカ人成人の食事と微生物の関係性はほとんど未知のままです.
研究 の 目的:
- 健康な成人の腸内微生物群の炭水化物活性酵素 (CAZyme) の摂取量との関連を調査する.
- CAZymeの容量が胃腸炎と負の相関関係があるかどうかを判断する.
主な方法:
- 食事による摂取量,胃腸炎症マーカー,およびショットガンメタゲノムのCAZymeプロファイルの分析.
- USDAの栄養フェノタイプ化研究で 330人の健康な米国人のコホートからの糞便サンプルを使用した.
- 予測可能な食品と微生物のサインを特定するために,機械学習 (ML) の分類モデルを使用した.
主要な成果:
- 植物CAZymeの多様性と豊富さは,糞便のpHと総/溶解性繊維の摂取量と相関しています.
- Muc2Plant (ムシン分解と植物分解のCAZymesの比率) という新しいメトリックが,性別とBMIによって変化した.
- Muc2Plantは胃腸炎症マーカー (カルプロテクチン,ネオペテリン) と正の相関関係を示し,特定の食品や微生物はMuc2Plantの低値を予測した.
結論:
- ダイエットと微生物の関係は 健康な成人でも顕著です
- Muc2Plantの比率を食事や微生物の介入によって減らすことは,ディスバイオシスを予防し,腸内炎症を緩和する潜在的な戦略です.
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