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暑い環境での継続的な適度な強度の作業の性別と年齢に特化した初期滞在時間の定義 - 部分A
Fergus K O'Connor1,2, Kristina-Marie T Janetos1, Brodie J Richards1
1Human and Environmental Physiology Research Unit, School of Human Kinetics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
American journal of industrial medicine
|September 3, 2025
まとめ
高齢のメスは熱ストレスに敏感で,暑い環境での作業の初期滞在時間は短くなります. これは,労働者の安全のために,年齢と性別を考慮して,適した熱曝露ガイドラインの必要性を強調しています.
科学分野:
- 労働衛生について
- 環境生理学
- 温度調節
背景:
- 業界ガイドラインは,熱被曝中に過度のコア温度 (Tcore) の上昇を防ぐために,ワーク・レストの割り当てを推奨しています.
- 現在のガイドラインには,特定の初期滞在時間 (IST) がなく,性別や年齢などの個々の要因は考慮されていません.
研究 の 目的:
- 熱ストレス値を超える前に,性別と年齢が初期許容労働期間に影響を与えるかどうかを判断する.
- 環境条件が IST に与える影響を評価する.
主な方法:
- 中心温度が38.0°Cに達するか,または休憩状態より1.0°C上昇するまで,試験された許容される作業期間.
- 参加者は若者 (18歳から30歳) と高齢者 (50歳から69歳) の男女でした.
- 異なる熱条件 (26°C,29°C,32°C WBGT) の中等強度の作業 (200 W/m2) をシミュレートする.
主要な成果:
- 周りの温度 (WBGT) が上昇すると,初期滞在時間 (IST) は著しく減少した (p < 0. 0001).
- 年配の女性では,若い男性と比較して,熱値 (Tcore ≥38. 0°Cまたは Δ1. 0°C) を上回る可能性が著しく高かった (p < 0. 001).
- IST は若い女性や年配の男性と比べると同じでした.
結論:
- より暑い環境は ISTを大幅に減少させる.
- 高齢のメスは,中程度の強度の仕事中に熱ストレスに特に脆弱です.
- 年齢と性別の違いを考慮して,専門的な熱被曝ガイドラインが必要である.
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