甲状腺がんの発生率の増加を解明し,過剰診断に対処する
Debbie W Chen1, Megan R Haymart2
1Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
Nature reviews. Endocrinology
|September 3, 2025
まとめ
甲状腺がんの発生率は 世界的に急増しています 超音波検査のような画像処理による 小型腫瘍の過剰診断が原因です 死亡率は安定しており,甲状腺がんの過剰診断と過剰治療の必要性を強調しています.
科学分野:
- 腫瘍学
- 公衆衛生
- 医療用イメージング
背景:
- 甲状腺がんの発生率は1980年代から大幅に増加しています.
- 同じ期間に甲状腺がんの死亡率は比較的安定している.
- 甲状腺がんの過剰診断は 発症率の上昇に大きく寄与している.
研究 の 目的:
- 過去40年の甲状腺がんの発生傾向を レビューする
- 肥満や環境への曝露を含む甲状腺がんの既知および潜在的な危険因子を概説する.
- 過剰な診断と過剰な治療による公衆衛生上の課題を管理するための戦略を探求する.
主な方法:
- 甲状腺がんの発生率と死亡率に関する疫学データのレビュー
- 診断画像,特に超音波による罹患率への影響の分析
- 甲状腺がんの傾向に対するリスク要因とその貢献の検討
主要な成果:
- 甲状腺がんの急増は 主に乳腺がんの過剰診断によるものです
- 発症率が上昇したにもかかわらず 安定した甲状腺がんの死亡率です
- 進行した甲状腺がんの発生率の増加が全体的な傾向に与える影響
結論:
- 画像検査,特に超音波検査の普及は 甲状腺がんの過剰診断を 引き起こしています
- 過剰な診断と過剰な治療に 対処するための戦略が必要であり,公衆衛生上の負担を軽減するものです.
- 肥満や環境への曝露などの 危険因子を理解することは 将来の予防と管理に不可欠です
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