Jove
Visualize
お問い合わせ
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
JoVEについて
概要リーダーシップブログJoVEヘルプセンター
著者向け
出版プロセス編集委員会範囲と方針査読よくある質問投稿
図書館員向け
推薦の声購読アクセスリソース図書館諮問委員会よくある質問
研究
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of Experimentsアーカイブ
教育
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab Manual教員リソースセンター教員サイト
利用規約
プライバシーポリシー
ポリシー

関連する概念動画

Defense Against Bacterial Pathogens01:31

Defense Against Bacterial Pathogens

1.5K
The human immune system is a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to defend the body against bacterial infections. It consists of various immune cells, each playing a specific role in the defense mechanism.
Phagocytes
Phagocytes are the frontline soldiers of the immune system. They include neutrophils and macrophages. Neutrophils are the most abundant type of white blood cell and are quickly mobilized to the site of infection. Macrophages are larger cells that patrol...
1.5K
Defense Mechanism Against Infection01:26

Defense Mechanism Against Infection

7.2K
Natural flora, body system defenses, and inflammation are natural barriers of the body against infectious agents regardless of previous exposure. Normal floras of the human body refer to the microbial population that colonizes the skin and mucous membranes.
In addition, many body organ systems have unique defenses against infection. The skin is an intact, multilayered surface preventing invasion by microorganisms unless impaired. Mucous membranes lining the mouth, nose, and eyelids are barriers...
7.2K
CRISPR and crRNAs02:53

CRISPR and crRNAs

17.3K
Bacteria and archaea are susceptible to viral infections just like eukaryotes; therefore, they have developed a unique adaptive immune system to protect themselves. Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats and CRISPR-associated proteins (CRISPR-Cas) are present in more than 45% of known bacteria and 90% of known archaea.
The CRISPR-Cas system stores a copy of foreign DNA in the host genome and uses it to identify the foreign DNA upon reinfection. CRISPR-Cas has three different...
17.3K
Lytic Cycle of Bacteriophages01:30

Lytic Cycle of Bacteriophages

71.9K
Bacteriophages, also known as phages, are specialized viruses that infect bacteria. A key characteristic of phages is their distinctive “head-tail” morphology. A phage begins the infection process (i.e., lytic cycle) by attaching to the outside of a bacterial cell. Attachment is accomplished via proteins in the phage tail that bind to specific receptor proteins on the outer surface of the bacterium. The tail injects the phage’s DNA genome into the bacterial cytoplasm. In the...
71.9K
Antimicrobial Proteins01:23

Antimicrobial Proteins

5.0K
Antimicrobial proteins are important components of the immune system. They aid the body in combating pathogens by either killing them directly or hindering their replication processes. Four main types of antimicrobial substances are interferons, the complement system, iron-binding proteins, and antimicrobial proteins.
Interferons
Interferons (IFNs) are proteins produced by lymphocytes, macrophages, and fibroblasts infected with viruses. While IFNs cannot prevent viruses from entering and...
5.0K
Gene Regulation in Microbial Communities: Quorum Sensing01:28

Gene Regulation in Microbial Communities: Quorum Sensing

92
Quorum sensing is a mechanism of bacterial communication that enables coordinated gene expression in response to changes in population density. This facilitates collective behaviors that enhance survival, resource acquisition, and ecological adaptation. This process relies on small signaling molecules called autoinducers that accumulate as bacterial populations grow. When a critical threshold concentration of autoinducers is reached, bacterial cells collectively modify gene expression,...
92

こちらも読む

関連記事

共著者、ジャーナル、引用グラフによってこの研究に関連する記事。

並び替え
Same author

Protein and genomic language models uncover the unexplored diversity of bacterial immunity.

Science (New York, N.Y.)·2026
Same author

Evolution as a guide for the discovery of innate immune actors.

Nature ecology & evolution·2026
Same author

The paradox of immune systems conservation between prokaryotes and eukaryotes.

Nature reviews. Microbiology·2026
Same author

A human homolog of SIR2 antiphage proteins mediates immunity via the Toll-like receptor pathway.

Science (New York, N.Y.)·2025
Same author

Adjunctive phage therapy improves antibiotic treatment of ventilator-associated-pneumonia with Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Nature communications·2025
Same author

Sedentary chromosomal integrons as biobanks of bacterial antiphage defense systems.

Science (New York, N.Y.)·2025
Same journal

The microlandscapes of tree trunks: the effect of lichen and tree-level characteristics on arthropod communities.

Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences·2026
Same journal

Centimetre-scale landscapes to assess the motion behaviour and cognition of gastropods and bivalves.

Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences·2026
Same journal

Intertidal microcosms of wave-swept rocky shores: ecological and physiological insights from a uniquely stressful environment.

Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences·2026
Same journal

Temporal and spatial variation in temperature and oxygen at the microscale: key niche axes for aquatic life.

Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences·2026
Same journal

Natural microcosms in ecology: fulfilling the promise of model systems?

Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences·2026
Same journal

Microbe-induced galls and plant defence: metabolite crosstalk in a co-evolutionary battle.

Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences·2026
関連記事をすべて見る

関連する実験動画

Updated: Sep 9, 2025

Author Spotlight: Efficiently Eliminating Bacteriophages from Infected Salmonella Cultures Using Lipopolysaccharides
07:19

Author Spotlight: Efficiently Eliminating Bacteriophages from Infected Salmonella Cultures Using Lipopolysaccharides

Published on: June 28, 2024

1.1K

バクテリアはなぜ抗菌体防御システムを 蓄積するのでしょうか?

Tyler Clabby1, Florian Tesson1, Baptiste Gaborieau2,3

  • 1Department of Genetics and Genomics, Pasteur Institute, 75015 Paris, France.

Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences
|September 4, 2025
PubMed
まとめ
この要約は機械生成です。

バクテリアは,コミュニティ保護または移動遺伝要素 (MGE) 防衛のために多様な抗菌システムを蓄積します. その分布はファグ-細菌の相互作用とファグ治療の有効性に影響し,生態学的文脈は極めて重要です.

キーワード:
バクテリオファージ防衛システムホスト範囲移動性遺伝子要素ファージ療法

さらに関連する動画

Author Spotlight: Investigating Bacteriophage-Induced Immune Responses in Gnotobiotic Mice
08:46

Author Spotlight: Investigating Bacteriophage-Induced Immune Responses in Gnotobiotic Mice

Published on: January 26, 2024

1.9K
Understanding the Impact of Temperate Bacteriophages on Their Lysogens Through Transcriptomics
09:23

Understanding the Impact of Temperate Bacteriophages on Their Lysogens Through Transcriptomics

Published on: January 5, 2024

2.0K

関連する実験動画

Last Updated: Sep 9, 2025

Author Spotlight: Efficiently Eliminating Bacteriophages from Infected Salmonella Cultures Using Lipopolysaccharides
07:19

Author Spotlight: Efficiently Eliminating Bacteriophages from Infected Salmonella Cultures Using Lipopolysaccharides

Published on: June 28, 2024

1.1K
Author Spotlight: Investigating Bacteriophage-Induced Immune Responses in Gnotobiotic Mice
08:46

Author Spotlight: Investigating Bacteriophage-Induced Immune Responses in Gnotobiotic Mice

Published on: January 26, 2024

1.9K
Understanding the Impact of Temperate Bacteriophages on Their Lysogens Through Transcriptomics
09:23

Understanding the Impact of Temperate Bacteriophages on Their Lysogens Through Transcriptomics

Published on: January 5, 2024

2.0K

科学分野:

  • 微生物学
  • 進化生物学
  • ゲノミクス

背景:

  • バクテリアのゲノムは多数の抗菌システムをコードしているが,その共存と分布は完全に理解されていない.
  • これらの防御システムを形作る生態学的要因と 進化的圧力は 重要な研究課題です

研究 の 目的:

  • バクテリアの複数の抗菌体系の蓄積の背後にある理由をレビューし,議論する.
  • これらの防御システムがファージ-バクテリアの相互作用にどのように影響するか,ファージ治療の応用に焦点を当てて調べる.
  • 抗菌体の分布に影響を与える生態学的要因を調査する.

主な方法:

  • 細菌の抗菌システムに関する既存の研究の文献レビューと合成.
  • 2つの主要な仮説の分析:汎免疫と移動性遺伝子要素 (MGE) の競争
  • 防衛システムの分布に及ぼす影響について議論する.

主要な成果:

  • アンチファージシステムの蓄積は,コミュニティレベルでの保護 (汎免疫) または細菌内MGEの保護に役立つのである.
  • 生態学的な文脈は,抗菌システム分布とファグ-バクテリアの相互作用を大きく左右する.
  • 複数の防御システムは,種レベルでのファグ宿主範囲を強く制限せず,ファグ治療に影響を与える.

結論:

  • 抗菌体系の分布の原動力を理解することは,その生態学的役割と,抗菌体治療の最適化にとって極めて重要です.
  • 防衛システムの普及に影響を与える表現やコストなどの要因についてはさらなる研究が必要である.
  • 細菌の免疫とファグの捕食の相互作用は複雑で文脈に依存しています