コロンビアの精神衛生と自殺政策 (1999年−2021年):憧れと絶望
Laura Vásquez-Escobar1, Alba Luz León-Álvarez2, Ivan Arroyave2
1https://ror.org/04vdmbk59Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia, Tunja, Colombia.
まとめ
コロンビア
科学分野:
- 公衆衛生
- 流行病学について
- 健康政策の分析
背景:
- コロンビアは1999年から2021年の間に重要な精神保健制度改革を実施しました.
- これらの改革は,精神保健医療へのアクセスと成果を改善することを目的としています.
- これらの政策が自殺死亡率に与える影響を 理解することは公衆衛生にとって極めて重要です
研究 の 目的:
- コロンビアのメンタルヘルス改革と 自殺率の傾向との関連を評価する.
- 人口サブグループにおける年齢標準化された自殺率 (ASSR) を分析する.
- 自殺傾向と政策介入の影響を特定する.
主な方法:
- 1999年から2021年の全国的な生命統計データを活用し,51,924人の自殺死亡をカバーしました.
- 採用された結合点回帰と中断されたタイムシリーズ分析.
- 年代別標準化された自殺率 (ASSR) を評価した.
主要な成果:
- メンタルヘルス政策の改革と全体的な自殺傾向との間には統計的に有意な関連性はない.
- 青少年のASSRは減少した (年間0.75%),女性の割合は増加した (2012年以降3.8%).
- 農村地域は都市部より一貫して高いASSRを示し,改革は重大な即時または持続的な効果を示さなかった.
結論:
- コロンビアのメンタルヘルス改革は 研究期間中に自殺死亡率の動向を 大きく変化させなかった.
- 社会経済的な格差などの構造的要因は,保健部門の介入よりも重要な役割を果たす可能性があります.
- 統合された状況特有の自殺予防戦略が必要であり,医療政策を超えたより広範な決定要因を考慮する必要があります.
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