視覚神経の形状は 自閉症スペクトル障害の子供に 異常な視覚感覚の行動と 関連しているのでしょうか?
Mustafa Esad Tezcan1, Abdullah Enes Ataş2, Hurşit Ferahkaya3
1Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Selcuk Universitesi Tip Fakultesi, Konya, Türkiye.
Frontiers in psychiatry
|September 4, 2025
まとめ
自閉症スペクトル障害 (ASD) の子供は,通常発達する同級生と比較して,より大きな光学キアズム (OC) の高さ,コルパス・カロサム (CC) およびホロイド・プレクサス (CP) の体積,およびより小さな第三心室の体積を含む明確な脳の違いを示します.
科学分野:
- 神経イメージング
- 発達神経科学
- 自閉症スペクトル障害の研究
背景:
- 自閉症スペクトル障害 (ASD) は複雑な神経発達状態で,様々な表れがあります.
- ASDの神経解剖学的基礎を理解することは,潜在的なバイオマーカーと治療目標の特定に不可欠です.
- 過去の研究では ASDの個体における構造的な脳の違いが示唆されていますが 特定の形状学的詳細についてはさらなる調査が必要です
研究 の 目的:
- 典型的発達 (TD) の子供と比較してASDの子供における神経解剖学的違いをMRIを用いて調査する.
- 眼神経の直径,眼 (OC) 形状測定,心室の体積,頭体 (CC) 及び状筋 (CP) の体積を検査する.
- これらの神経解剖学的パラメータとASDの症状の重症度と感覚の感受性を関連付けます.
主な方法:
- 111人のASD患者と143人のTD患者 (5歳から13歳) がMRI検査を受けた.
- 社会的コミュニケーションアンケート (SCQ) と小児自閉症評価尺度 (CARS) で評価されたASDの重度.
- 自閉症行動チェックリスト (AuBC) を用いて感官の感受性を評価した.
主要な成果:
- ASDグループは,OCの高さ,CP,CCの体積,OCの幅の低さ,第三心房の体積が著しく高かった.
- 視神経の容量,OCの横断面,横側/四番目の心房の容量,または脳全体の容量において有意な差異はありません.
- 左側CPの体積はASDの診断と最も強く関連しており,OCの高さは症状の重度と感覚スコアと相関していた.
結論:
- ASDにおける脳の発達の変化は,OCの高さ,CCとCPの体積,第三心房の体積の減少を含む可能性があります.
- これらの神経解剖学的発見はASDの病原性を理解するのに役立ちます.
- 特定の形状測定法,特に左のCP容量は,ASDのバイオマーカーとしての可能性を示している.
関連する概念動画
Autism Spectrum Disorder
333
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition marked by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction alongside restrictive and repetitive behaviors or interests. ASD is sometimes accompanied by intellectual impairment.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
333
Visual Agnosia
296
Visual agnosia is a condition characterized by the inability to recognize visually presented objects despite having normal vision. For instance, a person with visual agnosia can describe the shape and color of an object but cannot identify or name it. This impairment does not affect their visual field, acuity, color vision, brightness discrimination, language, or memory. An example of this condition in a social setting is someone at a dinner party asking for "that silver thing with a round...
296
Photoreceptors and Visual Pathways
6.5K
At the molecular level, visual signals trigger transformations in photopigment molecules, resulting in changes in the photoreceptor cell's membrane potential. The photon's energy level is denoted by its wavelength, with each specific wavelength of visible light associated with a distinct color. The spectral range of visible light, classified as electromagnetic radiation, spans from 380 to 720 nm. Electromagnetic radiation wavelengths exceeding 720 nm fall under the infrared category,...
6.5K
Anatomy of the Eyeball
7.5K
The eye is a spherical, hollow structure composed of three tissue layers. The outer layer — the fibrous tunic, comprises the sclera — a white structure — and the cornea, which is transparent. The sclera encompasses some of the ocular surface, most of which is not visible. However, the 'white of the eye' is distinctively visible in humans compared to other species. The cornea, a clear covering at the front of the eye, enables light penetration. The eye's middle...
7.5K
Vision
55.2K
Vision is the result of light being detected and transduced into neural signals by the retina of the eye. This information is then further analyzed and interpreted by the brain. First, light enters the front of the eye and is focused by the cornea and lens onto the retina—a thin sheet of neural tissue lining the back of the eye. Because of refraction through the convex lens of the eye, images are projected onto the retina upside-down and reversed.
55.2K


