小児の流体管理における課題:看護の実践と知識への洞察
Amir Shahzeydi1,2, Faramarz Kalhor3,4, Mahboobeh Namnabati3
1Pediatric Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Sage open pediatrics
|September 4, 2025
まとめ
小児薬の希釈に流れる過度の液体は患者に害を及ぼす可能性があります. ガイドラインの標準化と看護師教育の改善は 流体過多を予防し,新生児と小児のケアにおける成果を向上させるために不可欠です
科学分野:
- 小児重症治療薬
- 看護の実践と患者の安全
- 薬理学と薬剤投与
背景:
- 流体過多は小児科および新生児重症治療室で重大なリスクです.
- 薬の希釈中に過度の液体投与は,急性腎臓損傷 (AKI),長期呼吸,および死亡率の増加を含む深刻な合併症に寄与します.
- 薬の希釈における現在の慣行は,脆弱な小児の集団における液体の過剰負荷のリスクを適切に対処できない可能性があります.
研究 の 目的:
- 小児および新生児の環境における薬剤の希釈中の現在の流体投与の実践を評価する.
- 薬の希釈と流体管理に関する看護師の知識とパフォーマンスを評価する.
- 小児の患者に流体過負荷を防ぐための改善の鍵となる領域を特定する.
主な方法:
- 2024年に14の小児科 (PICU,NICU,外科/一般病棟) を対象とした横断試験.
- 150人の患者と200人の看護師を直接観察し 8つの一般的な薬を投与しました
- 液体量,輸液期間,薬剤の適合性,保存基準に関するチェックリストとアンケートによるデータ収集.
主要な成果:
- 看護師の総合知識スコアは中等で (68.3%) ユニットごとに有意な差異があった.
- PICU (76. 0%) で最高で,外科病棟 (62. 86%) で最低でした.
- 特定された問題には,一般的な抗生物質 (バンコミシン,アンピシリン,セフトリアキソン) の過度な希釈と貯蔵の不適度 (40% 心臓NICUで) が含まれる.
結論:
- 標準化された稀釋ガイドラインは,流体過負荷のリスクを軽減するために不可欠です.
- 薬の互換性,貯蔵,流体管理に関する教育の強化は看護スタッフにとって非常に重要です.
- リアルタイムのモニタリングツールの導入は,より安全な薬剤投与を支援し,小児患者の治療結果を改善することができます.
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