カナダの黒人コミュニティにおける母と新生児の健康:流行病学的研究の範囲レビュー
Ebonee Lennord1, Elsie Amoako2, Maya Rajasingham1
1Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
Canadian journal of public health = Revue canadienne de sante publique
|September 4, 2025
まとめ
カナダでは母親と新生児の健康に人種差があり,黒人個人は有害な結果の割合が高くなります. これらの健康上の不平等を 理解するためには より多くの国々のデータが必要です
科学分野:
- 公衆衛生
- 流行病学
- 健康に関する公平性
背景:
- 母親と新生児の健康における 黒人と白人の格差は 世界的に認められていて 深刻な健康格差を示しています
- カナダ国内におけるこれらの格差に関する既存の研究は限られており,カナダの文脈をより明確に理解する必要がある.
研究 の 目的:
- カナダの母親と新生児の健康における黒人と白人の格差に関する流行病学的証拠の範囲を決定するスコーピングレビューを実施する.
- カナダの人口における人種差によって影響を受ける特定の母性および新生児のアウトカムを特定する.
主な方法:
- OVIDプラットフォーム (MEDLINE,Embase,Emcare) の包括的な検索は,開始から2024年5月まで行われました.
- カナダの黒人対白人の母性または新生児のアウトカムを評価するピアレビューされた疫学研究が含まれています.
- 結果は記述分析を用いて合成された.
主要な成果:
- 6つの遡及コホート研究は,主にオンタリオ州のデータを活用して,含める基準を満たした.
- 参加したすべての研究では,人種と不良な母体または新生児のアウトカムとの間に有意な関連が報告されました.
- 黒人は spontaneous fetal loss, perinatal mortality,早産,低APGARスコア,妊娠前出血症,妊娠糖尿病の割合が高くなりました.
結論:
- 文献が少ないにもかかわらず,カナダでは母親と新生児の健康における黒人と白人の格差が明らかに存在しています.
- この調査結果は 人種間の格差を完全に理解するために 国民的な人口ベースのデータの必要性を強調しています
- これらの健康上の不平等に寄与する 根本的な要因を特定するには さらに研究が必要です
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