社会経済的な地位,声の障害のリスク,および子どもの声に関する障害
Robert Brinton Fujiki1,2, Susan L Thibeault2
1Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis.
JAMA otolaryngology-- head & neck surgery
|September 4, 2025
まとめ
社会経済的地位が低い家庭の子どもは 声の障害がより多く発症し 声に関する障害もより多く発症します これは小児の声の健康における 経済的背景と関連した 顕著な差異を強調しています
科学分野:
- 小児の健康
- 言語と聴覚科学
- 健康の社会的決定因子
背景:
- 声の障害や社会経済的欠乏は 子どもの生活の質に悪影響を及ぼします
- 社会経済的な地位 (SES),声障害の流行,および小児の集団における声に関連する障害との関係は,まだ十分に研究されていない.
研究 の 目的:
- 子供と青少年におけるSESと音声障害の流行の関連を調査する.
- 小児の集団におけるSESと音声関連の障害の関係を調べる.
主な方法:
- 1656人の米国子供 (4~12歳,代理人) と青少年 (13~17歳) を対象とした横断的な研究.
- SESのプロキシには,家庭の収入,親の教育,人種/民族,居住地が含まれていました.
- 声障害の流行,声障害指数 (VHI),小児声障害指数 (P-VHI) を評価した.
主要な成果:
- 年収が3万ドル未満の家庭の子どもは,年収が10万ドル以上の家庭の子どもよりも 82% 高い確率で声の障害を報告しました.
- 声の障害を持つ参加者は,健康な声を持つ人と比較して,有意に高いVHI/P-VHIスコアを報告しました.
- 声の障害のある青少年と小児の両方において,低いSESは,より悪いVHI/ P- VHIスコアと関連付けられました.
結論:
- 低SES背景の子供と青年は,より高い声障害の流行とより大きな声に関連する障害を示しています.
- この発見は,小児の声の健康に 社会経済的な要因が及ぼす影響を強調しています
- 根底にあるメカニズムを理解し,SESと音声障害の関連を明らかにするためにさらなる研究が必要です.
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