高病原性鳥インフルエンザA ((H5N1) ウイルスの感染は,暴露が不明の子供に - カリフォルニア州サンフランシスコ,2024年12月〜2025年1月
MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report
|September 4, 2025
まとめ
強化された監視により,サンフランシスコでヒトの鳥インフルエンザA ((H5N1) 症例が検出されました. 広範な調査はヒトからヒトへの感染の証拠が見つかりず,感染源は不明のままです.
科学分野:
- 公衆衛生
- ウイルス学
- 流行病学
背景:
- 米国における乳牛における高病原性鳥インフルエンザ (HPAI) A ((H5N1) の発生は,ヒトへの感染につながった.
- インフルエンザの発生後,サンフランシスコで強化されたインフルエンザ監視が実施された.
研究 の 目的:
- サンフランシスコでヒトのH5N1感染を調査する
- 人から人への感染の可能性を評価し,感染源を特定する.
主な方法:
- インフルエンザの監視を強化し,毎週 A ((H5N1) のサブタイプを特定する.
- 環境評価,インタビュー,分子/血清検査によるケース調査
- 家庭,学校,医療関係者の連絡先を追跡する
主要な成果:
- 子供の1人の軽度のヒトA ((H5N1) 症例 (遺伝子型B3.13) が検出されました.
- 11人の密接な接触者におけるインフルエンザウイルスに対するrRT-PCRの結果は陰性でした.
- 9人の密接な接触で検出可能な A ((H5) 特定の抗体は見つかりませんでした.
結論:
- サンフランシスコのA ((H5N1) の感染源は不明です.
- 密接な接触でヒトからヒトへの感染は確認されなかった.
- 新型インフルエンザAウイルス感染の検出には,継続的な強化された監視が不可欠です.
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