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関連する概念動画

pH01:24

pH

The potential of hydrogen (pH) is a measure of the acidity or basicity of a water-based solution determined by the concentration of hydronium ions (H3O+). In one liter of pure water at neutral pH, there are 1×10−7 moles of hydronium ions. However, the extensive range of hydronium ion concentrations present in water-based solutions makes measuring pH in moles cumbersome. Therefore, a pH scale was developed to convert moles of hydronium ions into the negative logarithm of the hydronium ion...
pH Scale02:41

pH Scale

Hydronium and hydroxide ions are present both in pure water and in all aqueous solutions, and their concentrations are inversely proportional as determined by the ion product of water (Kw). The concentrations of these ions in a solution are often critical determinants of the solution’s properties and the chemical behaviors of its other solutes. Two different solutions can differ in their hydronium or hydroxide ion concentrations by a million, billion, or even trillion times. A common means of...
Strong Acid and Base Solutions03:22

Strong Acid and Base Solutions

A strong acid is a compound that dissociates completely in an aqueous solution and produces a concentration of hydronium ions equal to the initial concentration of acid. For example, 0.20 M hydrobromic acid will dissociate completely in water and produces 0.20 M of hydronium ions and 0.20 M of bromide ions.
Buffers02:56

Buffers

A solution containing appreciable amounts of a weak conjugate acid-base pair is called a buffer solution, or a buffer. Buffer solutions resist a change in pH when small amounts of a strong acid or a strong base are added. A solution of acetic acid and sodium acetate is an example of a buffer that consists of a weak acid and its salt: CH3COOH (aq) + CH3COONa (aq). An example of a buffer that consists of a weak base and its salt is a solution of ammonia and ammonium chloride: NH3 (aq) + NH4Cl...
Calculating pH Changes in a Buffer Solution02:45

Calculating pH Changes in a Buffer Solution

A buffer can prevent a sudden drop or increase in the pH of a solution after the addition of a strong acid or base up to its buffering capacity; however, such addition of a strong acid or base does result in the slight pH change of the solution. The small pH change can be calculated by determining the resulting change in the concentration of buffer components, i.e., a weak acid and its conjugate base or vice versa. The concentrations obtained using these stoichiometric calculations can be used...
pH01:24

pH

The potential of hydrogen (pH) is a measure of the acidity or basicity of a water-based solution determined by the concentration of hydronium ions (H3O+). In one liter of pure water at neutral pH, there are 1×10−7 moles of hydronium ions. However, the extensive range of hydronium ion concentrations present in water-based solutions makes measuring pH in moles cumbersome. Therefore, a pH scale was developed to convert moles of hydronium ions into the negative logarithm of the hydronium ion...

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pH反応型形状メモリ有孔泡は,様々な油と水のシステムを要求に応じてインテリジェントに分離します.

Wenqing Cao1, Ye Tian1, Shuaiheng Zhao1

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China.

ACS applied materials & interfaces
|September 4, 2025
PubMed
まとめ

この研究は,油と水を分ける新しい二重調節泡を導入します. この材料は調節可能な湿透性と毛穴の大きさを表しており,優れた耐久性を持つ様々な混合物の効率的かつオンデマンドの分離を可能にする.

キーワード:
湿度と毛穴の大きさの二重調節インテリジェント・オン・デマンド・オイル・ウォーター分離pH反応性ポリマー形状メモリ有孔泡

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科学分野:

  • 材料科学
  • ポリマー化学
  • 分離技術

背景:

  • 石油と水の分離のための既存のインテリジェントな超湿性材料は,応答の寸法性,表面改変の耐久性,およびオンデマンドの機能に制限があります.
  • 複雑な分離課題に 多機能で制御可能で堅固な解決策を提供する先進的な材料が必要です

研究 の 目的:

  • 先進的な油と水の分離のために,表面の湿透性と毛穴の大きさを二重制御するインテリジェントな材料を開発する.
  • 現在の超湿性材料の限界を克服し,pH反応性と形状記憶特性を導入する.

主な方法:

  • pH反応性ポリマー (PMMA-co-PDEAEMA) とエポキシ樹脂を組み合わせて塩模板法を用いて多孔性の二重調節泡 (DRF) の製造.
  • pHの変化 (酸性/アルカリ性) を利用して,水害性/オレオフィルの状態と水害性/オレオフィルの状態の間の表面浸潤性を調節する.
  • 温度変化 (130°C) を使って形状記憶効果を誘発し,孔の大きさを150μmからナノスケールまで逆転させることができる.

主要な成果:

  • 開発されたDRF30素材は,可逆的な湿透性の切り替えと制御可能な毛穴の縮小を示した.
  • 圧縮状態の油と水の混合物では高分離フクス (> 1300 L m−2 h−1) が達成され,圧縮状態のエミュルションでは高効率性 (> 99.5%) が達成された.
  • この材料は,複数の分離サイクルで優れた耐久性と物理化学的安定性を示しました.

結論:

  • pH反応性ポリマーと形状記憶材料を組み合わせる新しい戦略は,インテリジェントでオンデマンドの油水分離のための有望なアプローチを提供します.
  • 効率的で適応可能な分離アプリケーションのためのスマートな材料設計において,DRF素材は重要な進歩を示しています.
  • この研究は,環境および産業用途の調整可能な特性を備えた次世代の材料を開発するための貴重な洞察を提供します.