微生物系依存型ペプチド受容体 (Fpr1/2) 信号伝達は,マウスの腸内神経系の発達と胃腸の運動性を調節する
Bindu Chandrasekharan1, Huixia Wu2, Charlie Smoller2
1Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Emory University, Atlanta, USA.
Cellular and molecular gastroenterology and hepatology
|September 4, 2025
まとめ
形成されたペプチド受容体 (FPR) を通じて伝達する微生物群は,腸の発達に不可欠である.
科学分野:
- 免疫学と神経科学
- 胃腸の生理学
- 微生物群の研究
背景:
- 形式化ペプチド受容体1および2 (FPR) は,先天的免疫に関与するパターン認識受容体である.
- 腸内神経系 (ENS) と胃腸 (GI) の運動性の発達におけるFPRの役割は未知のままである.
- 細菌の形態化ペプチドはFPRのリガンドであり,微生物群と腸の機能との関連を示唆する.
研究 の 目的:
- ENSの発達と腸内運動における FPRの役割を調査する.
- 母親の微生物群のFPRシグナルが 胚の腸内神経の発達に 影響するかどうかを判断する.
- 胃腸低運動症候群の潜在的治療標的としてFPRを調査する.
主な方法:
- Fpr1/2の生殖線,上皮,神経頂部に特異的な欠損を持つマウスを生成した.
- 妊娠中の微生物群の抑制とマウスのコロニー化モデルを活用した.
- 免疫ステーリングとコンフォカルイメージングで ENSの密度を評価し,消化器官の運動性と糞便の形態化ペプチドを測定した.
主要な成果:
- ネズミのFPRの消去は,ENSの密度が低下し,消化器官の運動性が低下しました.
- 妊娠中の抗生物質の投与は,子孫の腸内神経密度と腸内神経運動性を低下させた.
- 妊娠中に母親の微生物群を回復させることで,子孫の腸内神経の発達と消化器官の運動性が改善されました.
結論:
- マイクロバイオタ-FPRシグナリングは,マウスの正常な腸内神経の発達と胃腸の運動に不可欠です.
- 胃腸運動低下を矯正するための潜在的治療標的である.
- 妊娠中の抗生物質の使用は,腸内神経の発達に潜在的な影響があるため,慎重に推奨されます.
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