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ラテンアメリカとカリブ海 (LAC) の呼吸器系ウイルスによる経済的負担:広範囲の文献レビュー
Nelson J Alvis-Zakzuk1, Paula Couto1, Jorge H Jara1
1Pan-American Health Organization, Washington, DC, USA.
Influenza and other respiratory viruses
|September 4, 2025
まとめ
このレビューは,ラテンアメリカにおけるインフルエンザ,SARS-CoV-2,RSVなどの呼吸器ウイルスの経済的負担を強調しています. 費用の計算方法は研究によって大きく異なっており,標準化の必要性を示しています.
科学分野:
- 健康 経済
- 感染症
- 公衆衛生
背景:
- インフルエンザ,SARS-CoV-2,RSVを含む呼吸器ウイルスは,ラテンアメリカとカリブ海 (LAC) で大きな経済的負担を伴う.
- 病気のコストを理解することは 地域の効果的な資源配分と公衆衛生政策に不可欠です
研究 の 目的:
- LAC地域におけるインフルエンザ,SARS-CoV-2,RSV,その他の呼吸器ウイルス (ORV) の経済的負担と病気のコストを要約した範囲調査を実施する.
- LACの既存のコスト調査の方法論,視点,設定を特定し,分析する.
主な方法:
- PubMed-Medline,Scielo,およびEmbaseのデータベースで包括的なスコーピングレビューが行われました.
- LAC諸国における特定の呼吸器ウイルスの経済的負担と病気のコストに関する研究も含まれていた.
- 出版年,人口,研究タイプ,視点,コスト評価技術,環境のデータを抽出して分析した.
主要な成果:
- 16カ国の44件の研究が含まれており,そのほとんどがインフルエンザ (54.5%) とSARS-CoV-2 (36.4%) に焦点を当てていた.
- 病気のコストと費用対効果の分析は,主たる研究タイプでした (それぞれ38.6%と50.0%).
- 費用計算手法 (ボトムアップ: 50%,トップダウン: 29.6%) と研究展望 (第三者: 75.0%) において,著しい変動が見られた. 直接的な医療費は大きく変化し,インフルエンザの経済的負担はGDPの 0.0003%から 1.33%に及ぶ.
結論:
- LACの呼吸器ウイルスの経済的負担に関する現在の研究は,方法論と報告においてかなりの異質性を示しています.
- この変動性は直接的な比較を困難にし,将来の病気コストの研究で標準化されたアプローチの緊急性を強調しています.
- 標準化された方法論は,経済データの信頼性と比較性を確保するために不可欠であり,それによってLAC地域における根拠に基づいた公衆衛生介入を支援します.
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