英国と米国の双子と独身児の成長軌跡と過剰体重と肥満のリスク:将来的な国内コホートデータの分析

Jessica L Gleason¹, Rajeshwari Sundaram², Kathryn A Wagner¹

¹Epidemiology Branch, Division of Population Health Research, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD, USA.

The Lancet. Child & adolescent health

|September 4, 2025

まとめ

双子は一般に単子より短く,軽く存在していますが,肥満や肥満の危険は少なくあります. 女性の双子は18歳までに身長が上がり,すべての双子のBMIはより似ています.

科学分野:

小児科
人間の成長と発達
公衆衛生

背景:

双子の成長は子宮内環境への適応戦略によりシングルトンの成長とは異なる可能性があります.
双子の出生体重は平均より小さいことが示唆されています

研究の目的:

双生児と独生児の成長経路 (身長,体重,BMI) を出生から成人期まで比較する.
双子と独身児の体重過多と肥満のリスクの違いを評価する.

主な方法:

ミレニアム・コホート研究 (イギリス) と青少年・児童・若年成人の全国縦断調査 (米国) の2つの大規模な代表的なコホートから得られたデータを使用した.
18歳までの成長軌道を分析するために,立方年齢関数を持つ混合効果モデルを使用しました.
性別と妊娠年齢による分層分析; 体重過多/肥満リスクのポアソン回帰を用いた.

主要な成果:

双子は18歳まで単身児よりもずっと背が低く軽かったのです
双生児と独生児のBMIの差は 18歳までに減少した.
双子は3歳から18歳までのシングレットと比較して肥満や肥満のリスクが低かった.
女性の双子は身長に追いついたが,18歳までに大きな違いはなかった.

結論:

双子は18歳までに身長や体重でシングレットに完全には追いつかないが,BMIでは収束を示している.
双子の過剰体重と肥満のリスクを減らすため,心臓代謝の健康への影響についてさらなる調査が必要である.

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