病気の給付は誰一人残さない
Daseul Moon1,2,3, Hongjo Choi1,2,4
1People's Health Institute, Seoul, Korea.
Annals of occupational and environmental medicine
|September 4, 2025
まとめ
韓国の病気の給付制度は 包摂性を目指していますが 給付が低くて 待機時間が長いため 不安定な労働者を排除する危険性があります この"再分配のパラドックス"は,真の社会保障を達成するために,公平で,人々中心の改革の必要性を強調しています.
科学分野:
- 公衆衛生政策
- 社会保護制度
- 労働市場経済学
背景:
- 韓国は2022年に試験的な病気の給付プログラムを開始し,2025年までに14地域に拡大しました.
- このプログラムは,社会保護を強化することを目的としていますが,現在の構造では課題に直面しています.
研究 の 目的:
- 韓国 の 病気 の 給付 プログラム の 設計 を 批判 的 に 検討 する.
- 現在の特徴が既存の労働市場格差を悪化させる可能性があるかを分析する.
- プログラムが普遍的な健康保険の目標と 調和しているかを評価する.
主な方法:
- プログラム設計の特徴と適格性基準の質的分析
- 適用について
- 再分配のパラドックス
- フレームワーク
- 脆弱な労働者集団への潜在的な影響の検討
主要な成果:
- このプログラムの低い補給率 (60%の最低賃金) と長い待機期間は,不適切なインセンティブを生み出します.
- 不確実性のある労働者は 制度的に不利な立場にあり 包摂的な目標が損なわれています
- 第二段階では,所得の最低50%に制限されることで,再分配のパラドックスが悪化する危険性があります.
結論:
- 現在のデザインの選択は,最も脆弱な人々を排除することで,普遍的な健康保険を弱体化させる可能性があります.
- 実施の成功には 公平性,人中心性,ジェンダー変革の観点の統合が必要です.
- 改革すれば健康と経済的不平等を 生み出す構造を再構築する可能性があります
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