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関連する概念動画

Histone Variants at the Centromere02:30

Histone Variants at the Centromere

4.5K
Histone variants are the histone proteins with structural and sequence variations. These variants may be regarded as “mutant” forms that replace their canonical histone counterparts in the nucleosomes. Specific post-translational modifications on the histone variants enable further chromatin complexity and regulate tissue-specific gene expression. The most common histone variants are from histone H2A, H2B, and linker histone H1 families. However, several variants of histone H3...
4.5K
Epigenetic Regulation01:46

Epigenetic Regulation

31.4K
Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
31.4K
Inheritance of Chromatin Structures03:17

Inheritance of Chromatin Structures

6.5K
Epigenetics is the study of inherited changes in a cell's phenotype without changing the DNA sequences. It provides a form of memory for the differential gene expression pattern to maintain cell lineage, position-effect variegation, dosage compensation, and maintenance of chromatin structures such as telomeres and centromeres. For example, the structure and location of the centromere on chromosomes are epigenetically inherited. Its functionality is not dictated or ensured by the underlying...
6.5K
Chromatin Position Affects Gene Expression02:35

Chromatin Position Affects Gene Expression

23.7K
Chromatin is the massive complex of DNA and proteins packaged inside the nucleus. The complexity of chromatin folding and how it is packaged inside the nucleus greatly influences  access to genetic information. Generally, the nucleus' periphery is considered transcriptionally repressive, while the cell's interior is considered a transcriptionally active area. 
Topologically Associated Domains (TADs)
The 3-dimensional positioning of chromatin in the nucleus influences the...
23.7K
Nucleosome Remodeling02:54

Nucleosome Remodeling

9.5K
Nucleosomes are the basic units of chromatin compaction. Each nucleosome consists of the DNA bound tightly around a histone core, which makes the DNA inaccessible to DNA binding proteins such as DNA polymerase and RNA polymerase. Hence, the fundamental problem is to ensure access to DNA when appropriate, despite the compact and protective chromatin structure.
Nucleosome remodeling complex
Eukaryotic cells have specialized enzymes called ATP-dependent nucleosome remodeling enzymes. These enzymes...
9.5K
Spreading of Chromatin Modifications02:25

Spreading of Chromatin Modifications

8.5K
The histone proteins in the nucleosomes are post-translationally modified (PTM) to increase or decrease access to DNA. The commonly observed PTMs are methylation, acetylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination of lysine amino acids in the histone H3 tail region. These histone modifications have specific meaning for the cell. Hence, they are called "histone code". The protein complex involved in histone modification is termed as "reader-writer" complex.
Writers
The writer...
8.5K

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Updated: Sep 9, 2025

Immunostaining for DNA Modifications: Computational Analysis of Confocal Images
09:42

Immunostaining for DNA Modifications: Computational Analysis of Confocal Images

Published on: September 7, 2017

9.8K

DNAメチル化がヒトのセンターメアの位置と機能に影響する

Catalina Salinas-Luypaert1, Danilo Dubocanin2, Rosa Jooyoung Lee2

  • 1Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, UMR144 and UMR3664, Paris, France.

Nature genetics
|September 4, 2025
PubMed
まとめ
この要約は機械生成です。

セントロメアにおけるDNAメチル化パターンは,ゲノムの安定性にとって極めて重要です. この研究は,DNAメチル化がCENP-Aの位置づけとセンターメアの機能に直接影響を及ぼし,細胞の生命力に影響することを示しています.

さらに関連する動画

Immunohistochemical Detection of 5-Methylcytosine and 5-Hydroxymethylcytosine in Developing and Postmitotic Mouse Retina
07:50

Immunohistochemical Detection of 5-Methylcytosine and 5-Hydroxymethylcytosine in Developing and Postmitotic Mouse Retina

Published on: August 29, 2018

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Enhanced Reduced Representation Bisulfite Sequencing for Assessment of DNA Methylation at Base Pair Resolution
13:47

Enhanced Reduced Representation Bisulfite Sequencing for Assessment of DNA Methylation at Base Pair Resolution

Published on: February 24, 2015

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関連する実験動画

Last Updated: Sep 9, 2025

Immunostaining for DNA Modifications: Computational Analysis of Confocal Images
09:42

Immunostaining for DNA Modifications: Computational Analysis of Confocal Images

Published on: September 7, 2017

9.8K
Immunohistochemical Detection of 5-Methylcytosine and 5-Hydroxymethylcytosine in Developing and Postmitotic Mouse Retina
07:50

Immunohistochemical Detection of 5-Methylcytosine and 5-Hydroxymethylcytosine in Developing and Postmitotic Mouse Retina

Published on: August 29, 2018

9.1K
Enhanced Reduced Representation Bisulfite Sequencing for Assessment of DNA Methylation at Base Pair Resolution
13:47

Enhanced Reduced Representation Bisulfite Sequencing for Assessment of DNA Methylation at Base Pair Resolution

Published on: February 24, 2015

25.7K

科学分野:

  • エピジェネティクス
  • ゲノミクス
  • 細胞生物学

背景:

  • セントロメアはゲノム安定性にとって重要であり,CENP-Aによって表遺伝的にマークされます.
  • セントロメリックDNAは,ハイパーメチル化繰り返しの内の低メチル化領域によって特徴付けられていますが,その機能的な役割は不明です.

研究 の 目的:

  • 人間のセントロメアにおけるDNAメチル化パターンの機能的重要性を調査する.
  • DNAメチル化がCENP-Aの位置づけとセントロメア機能に因果的に影響するかどうかを判断する.

主な方法:

  • セントロメリックDNAメチル化を妨げるための新しいツールの開発.
  • DNAメチル化によるCENP-Aの局所化とセントロメア構造の分析.
  • アヌプロイド症と細胞活性を含む細胞への影響の評価

主要な成果:

  • 中心DNAメチル化は,CENP-Aの位置づけに影響する.
  • DNAの急速な脱メチル化により,セントロメアの構造が変化し,タンパク質の結合が増加し,アヌプロイドが形成され,細胞の生存能力が低下する.
  • DNAの漸進的な脱メチル化は細胞の適応を誘導する.

結論:

  • DNAメチル化は,CENP-Aの局所化とセンターメアの機能の重要な調節因子である.
  • これらの発見は,セントロメリックDNAメチル化の変化がゲノム不安定と病気にどのように貢献するかについての機械的洞察を提供します.