家庭で暮らす成人に提供される緩和医療と終末期医療のモデル,構成要素,成果: レビューの体系的な総括レビュー
Sophie Pask1, Chukwuebuka Okwuosa1, Ahmed Mohamed1
1Wolfson Palliative Care Research Centre, Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull, UK.
Palliative medicine
|September 5, 2025
まとめ
家庭での緩和ケアモデルでは 特に家庭でのケアモデルでは 患者さんにとって ポジティブな結果が出ています 費用対効果に関するデータは限られているが, 専門医と統合された緩和ケアも患者とサービスの成果を改善する.
科学分野:
- 緩和ケアに関する研究
- 医療サービス研究
- ゲロントロジー
背景:
- 患者の好みや死亡率の上昇により,自宅での緩和ケアへの需要が増加しています.
- コミュニティベースの緩和医療と終末期医療の最適モデルはまだ十分に研究されていない.
研究 の 目的:
- 家庭での成人に対する緩和ケアと終末期ケアモデルに関する証拠を体系的に検討する.
- 患者,家族,サービスの成果に及ぼす影響の重要な要素を特定する.
主な方法:
- 体系的な総括レビュー方法論
- 広範囲にわたるデータベース検索 (MEDLINE,EMBASE,CINAHL,Cochrane,Epistemonikosなど) から66件のレビューを掲載した. ) でした.
- AMSTAR-2または同等の基準を用いた品質評価
主要な成果:
- 7つの異なる緩和ケアモデルが特定されました (例えば,家庭内,外来,専門,統合,テレヘルス).
- "家庭での緩和ケア"モデルが 最も研究され 患者にとって ポジティブな効果を示した.
- 専門的なモデルと統合されたモデルでは 患者とサービス利用の成果が改善され,費用対効果に関するデータは不足していた.
結論:
- 自宅での緩和ケアが 患者さんの健康状態に 大きく良い影響を与えるという証拠があります
- 専門の緩和医療と 専門家の支援による 緩和医療の統合も有益です
- さまざまな緩和ケアモデルの費用対効果を評価するためにさらなる研究が必要である.
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