微生物群 - 腸 - 脳 関連: 神経 精神 疾患 の 新しい 地平線
Md Faysal1, Mehrukh Zehravi2, Baishakhi Sutradhar3
1Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
CNS neuroscience & therapeutics
|September 5, 2025
まとめ
腸-脳軸は腸の微生物と 脳の健康を結びつけ 神経学的および精神的な状態に影響します 腸内微生物群を標的とした介入は これらの疾患の治療に有望です
科学分野:
- 神経科学
- 微生物学
- 精神科
- 胃腸内科
背景:
- 微生物群-腸-脳軸 (MGBA) は,腸内微生物と中枢神経系間の双方向通信経路である.
- 微生物のコミュニティの不均衡である腸内不均衡は,ますます様々な神経学的および神経精神学的疾患と関連しています.
- ダイエットやストレス 薬などの要因が 腸内微生物の組成と機能に 大きく影響し 脳の健康に影響します
研究 の 目的:
- 微生物群-腸-脳軸と神経学的および神経精神学的疾患におけるその役割に関する科学文献を体系的にレビューする.
- MGBAの相互作用の基礎にある分子メカニズムと腸の機能に及ぼす影響を探求する.
- 中枢神経系疾患の治療における 微生物を標的とする治療法の可能性を評価する.
主な方法:
- 主要なデータベースの体系的な文献検索 (Scopus,PubMed,Web of Science)
- 微生物群-腸-脳軸,神経学的疾患,神経精神学的疾患,および臨床研究に関する記事を含む.
- MGBAシグナル伝達に関与する分子経路,免疫反応,微生物代謝物の分析.
主要な成果:
- 腸障害は神経伝達物質の不均衡,酸化ストレス,神経炎症を引き起こし,うつ病,パーキンソン病,アルツハイマー病などの疾患に 関わっている.
- MGBAの伝達には,迷走神経の信号伝達,全身免疫,微生物の代謝物が関与し,脳機能と神経発達に影響を与えます.
- 糞便の微生物移植,プロバイオティクス,プリバイオティクスを含む微生物を標的とした介入は,治療の可能性を示しています.
結論:
- 腸内微生物群はMGBAを通じて 神経生成,精神的発達,感情,行動において重要な役割を果たします
- 腸内微生物群が脳機能と神経炎症に及ぼす影響を媒介する.
- 神経学的および精神学的障害に対する微生物系ベースの介入の有効性を検証するために,さらなる臨床研究が不可欠です.
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