血清エルゴチオニンと一般高齢の日本人の認知症のリスク:ヒサヤマ研究
Xiangyin Meng1,2, Tomoyuki Ohara1,2, Kentaro Nishioka3
1Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
Psychiatry and clinical neurosciences
|September 5, 2025
まとめ
高血清エルゴチオニンのレベルは,高齢者の認知症およびそのサブタイプを発症するリスクの低下と関連しています. 食中のエルゴチオニンは認知症の予防に役立つのである.
科学分野:
- 神経科学
- 栄養学的流行病学
- ゲロントロジー
背景:
- アルツハイマー病 (AD) やAD以外の認知症を含む認知症は,特に高齢者の公衆衛生上の大きな課題です.
- 血清のエルゴチオニンは,人体で合成されない抗酸化アミノ酸であり,神経保護に作用すると仮定されている.
- エルゴチオニンの摂取量などの 変えられる食事要因を理解することは 認知症のリスクを減らす戦略にとって 極めて重要です
研究 の 目的:
- 血清エルゴチオニンの基準値と全因性認知症とその亜型の発生率との関連を,日本人のコミュニティに住む高齢者集団で調べる.
- 心血管の健康,ライフスタイル,食事などの様々な要因を考慮した後に,この関連性が持続するかどうかを判断する.
- エルゴチオニンの知られた源である 野菜の摂取との相互作用の可能性を調査する.
主な方法:
- 65歳以上で認知症のない日本人の1344人を対象とした長期的な研究 (ヒサヤマ研究).
- 血清エルゴチオニンは,液体染色体質スペクトロメトリーで定量化され,四分位に分類されます.
- 認知症リスクの危険比率 (HR) と95%信頼区間を計算するために使用されたコックス比例危険モデル.
主要な成果:
- 平均11. 2年の追跡期間中に,合計273人の被験者が認知症を発症した (201人のAD,72人の非AD).
- 血清エルゴチオニンの四分位数 (P for trend < 0. 05) で,すべての原因,AD,およびAD以外の認知症のHRが徐々に低下することが観察されました.
- これらの関連性は,複数の混同因子を調整した後に依然として有意であり,野菜摂取とは無関係であった.
結論:
- エルゴチオニンの血清濃度の上昇は,日本人の高齢者において認知症およびそのサブタイプを発症するリスクの低下と有意に関連しています.
- この発見は,食事を通して得られるエルゴチオニンが,認知症のリスクを減らすのに有益な要因である可能性があることを示唆している.
- エルゴチオニンに富んだ食事に関するさらなる研究は,認知症予防戦略のために必要である.
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