証拠合成における人工知能と自動化:コクラン・キャンベル・コラボレーションと環境証拠レビューで採用された方法の調査
Kristen L Scotti1, Sarah Young1, Melanie A Gainey1
1Carnegie Mellon University Libraries Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA.
Cochrane evidence synthesis and methods
|September 5, 2025
まとめ
自動化と機械学習 (ML) は,エビデンス・シンセシスの有望性を示しているが,採用は低い. 主にスクリーニングのためにMLの使用を報告した研究は約5%で,よりよい報告と訓練の必要性を強調しています.
科学分野:
- 科学的方法論と研究統合
- 健康科学,教育,政策研究
背景:
- 自動化と機械学習 (ML) は,エビデンス合成を加速するためにますます探索されています.
- 研究合成におけるこれらの技術の採用と報告は,学問全体で十分に検討されていない.
研究 の 目的:
- MLを含む自動化の活用と報告を,エビデンス・シンセシスで評価する.
- 検索,スクリーニング,データ抽出,分析/合成といった主要なレビュー段階でのMLの採用を分析する.
主な方法:
- コクラン,キャンベル,環境エビデンス (2017-2024) の2271のエビデンス・シンセスの体系的なレビュー.
- マニュアル,ルールベース,ML対応,ML組み込みツールの分類システムの開発.
- ツール使用,ML統合,報告,動機付け,スクリーニング基準に関するデータ抽出
主要な成果:
- 主にスクリーニングのためにMLの使用が明示的に報告されたのは約5%の研究です.
- ~12%がML対応ツールを使用したが, ~90%がML機能の利用を確認しなかった.
- リビングレビューでは,より高いML統合 (~15%) が示されましたが,全体的な吸収は限られています.
結論:
- MLの可能性にもかかわらず,エビデンス合成への統合は限られており,一貫性がないと報告されています.
- 障壁には,指導の欠如,認識の低さ,信頼性の懸念が含まれます.
- 透明性の向上,報告基準,ユーザー訓練は,研究における責任ある ML の採用に不可欠です.
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