行動の変化介入のターゲットとしての行動の決定要因とその有効性

Dolores Albarracín^1,2,3,4,5, Bita Fayaz-Farkhad², Javier A Granados Samayoa^1,3

¹Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.

Nature reviews psychology

|September 5, 2025

まとめ

効果的な行動変化の介入は知識だけでなく習慣や社会構造に焦点を当てます政策立案者は,社会的利益のための非効率的な決定因子よりも,有効な行動を優先すべきです.

科学分野:

行動科学
社会心理学
公共政策

背景:

パンデミックや環境破壊のような社会的な課題は有益な行動を促す必要があります
行動の個人および社会構造的決定因子を理解することは極めて重要です.
行動変化の介入の有効性を評価することが不可欠です.

研究の目的:

行動決定因子と介入の有効性に関する学際的なメタ分析を統合する.
個別的および社会構造的要因に対して最も影響力のある介入を特定する.
政策立案者向けに根拠に基づいた勧告を提供すること

主な方法:

多分野メタ解析の体系的なレビューと合成
様々な領域における行動の決定因子の分析
個別的および社会構造的要因を対象とした介入の有効性の比較評価

主要な成果:

個々の決定要因をターゲットにした介入は,知識から習慣への影響が増加していることを示しています.
社会的構造的決定要因を対象とした介入は,制裁からアクセス政策まで幅広い範囲にあります.
同じような効果パターンは,健康と環境行動の変化にも見られます.

結論:

政策立案者は障害を取り除くことで望ましい行動を促進する介入を優先すべきです
知識や信念のような有効でない決定因子に焦点を当てると影響は少なくなります
効果的な行動戦略には個人の影響と構造的な影響の微妙な理解が必要です

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