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関連する概念動画

Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps02:24

Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps

23.2K
Gene expression can be regulated at almost every step from gene to protein. Transcription is the step that is most commonly regulated. This involves the binding of proteins to short regulatory sequences on the DNA. This association can either promote or inhibit the transcription of a gene associated with the respective sequence.
Transcription results in the generation of precursor (pre-mRNA) that consists of both exons and introns, which needs further processing before being translated to a...
23.2K
Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps01:23

Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps

994
The gene expression in cells is regulated at different stages: (i) transcription, (ii) RNA processing, (iii) RNA localization, and (iv) translation. Transcriptional regulation is mediated by regulatory proteins such as transcription factors, activators, or repressors—these control gene expression by initiating or inhibiting the transcription of genes. Once a precursor or pre-mRNA is produced, it undergoes post-transcriptional modification, including 5' capping, splicing, and the...
994
RNA Splicing01:32

RNA Splicing

56.9K
Splicing is the process by which eukaryotic RNA is edited before its translation into protein. The RNA strand transcribed from eukaryotic DNA is called the primary transcript. The primary transcripts that become mRNAs are called precursor messenger RNAs (pre-mRNAs). Eukaryotic pre-mRNA contains alternating sequences of exons and introns. Exons are nucleotide sequences that code for proteins, whereas introns are the non-coding regions. In RNA splicing, introns are removed and exons are bonded...
56.9K
Riboswitches01:56

Riboswitches

8.5K
Riboswitches are non-coding mRNA domains that regulate the transcription and translation of downstream genes without the help of proteins. Riboswitches bind directly to a metabolite and can form unique stem-loop or hairpin structures in response to the amount of the metabolite present. They have two distinct regions – a metabolite-binding aptamer and an expression platform.
The aptamer has high specificity for a particular metabolite which allows riboswitches to specifically regulate...
8.5K
Chromatin Structure Regulates pre-mRNA Processing02:41

Chromatin Structure Regulates pre-mRNA Processing

7.2K
In eukaryotic cells, nascent mRNA transcripts need to undergo many post-transcriptional modifications to reach the cell cytoplasm and translate into functional proteins. For a long time, transcription and pre-mRNA processing were considered two independent events that occur sequentially in the cell. However, it has now been well established that transcription and pre-mRNA processing are two simultaneous processes that are precisely regulated inside the cell.
The chromatin structure, especially...
7.2K
RNA Stability01:53

RNA Stability

33.9K
Intact DNA strands can be found in fossils, while scientists sometimes struggle to keep RNA intact under laboratory conditions. The structural variations between RNA and DNA underlie the differences in their stability and longevity. Because DNA is double-stranded, it is inherently more stable. The single-stranded structure of RNA is less stable but also more flexible and can form weak internal bonds. Additionally, most RNAs in the cell are relatively short, while DNA can be up to 250 million...
33.9K

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関連する実験動画

Updated: Sep 9, 2025

A Reporter Based Cellular Assay for Monitoring Splicing Efficiency
08:53

A Reporter Based Cellular Assay for Monitoring Splicing Efficiency

Published on: September 15, 2021

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人間のブランチポイント相互作用する幹ループの配列と構造は,U2 snRNAの発現,ブランチポイント認識,およびトランスクリプトームを調節する.

Meredith B Stevers, Sol Katzman, Melissa S Jurica

    bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology
    |September 5, 2025
    PubMed
    まとめ

    U2 snRNAのブランチポイント相互作用幹ループ (BSL) は,スプリセソーム組立に影響する. BSLの構造を変化させると,スプライシングと遺伝子発現に影響し,がん経路を活性化させる可能性があります.

    科学分野:

    • 分子生物学
    • RNA 生物学
    • 遺伝子発現

    背景:

    • スプライソーム組成は,U2小核リボ核タンパク質 (snRNP) がイントロンを巻き込み,ブランチヘリックスを形成することで開始される.
    • ブランチヘリックス形成は,U2 snRNAのブランチポイント相互作用幹ループ (BSL) と相互に排斥する.
    • 柔軟な分岐点配列のため,ヒトのイントロンスプライシングにおけるBSL構造の役割は不明である.

    研究 の 目的:

    • U2 snRNPのバイオゲネシスとヒトのイントロンのスプライシング効率に対するBSL構造の影響を調査する.
    • スプライシングと遺伝子発現に対する BSL 塩基配列の作用を調べる.
    • 変異したBSL配列によるU2snRNAの発現時のトランスクリプトーム全体の変化を分析する.

    主な方法:

    • オートゴーナルU2 snRNAとスプライシングレポーターシステムを利用してBSLの混乱を研究した.
    • 変異したBSL塩基配列がU2snRNA発現とレポータースプライシングに与える影響を評価した.
    • 遺伝子発現の変化を特定するためにトランスクリプトーム全体の分析を行いました.

    主要な成果:

    • BSL塩基配列の変化は,U2 snRNA発現とスプライシング効率に差異的に影響した.

    さらに関連する動画

    Exploring Sequence Space to Identify Binding Sites for Regulatory RNA-Binding Proteins
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    Exploring Sequence Space to Identify Binding Sites for Regulatory RNA-Binding Proteins

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    PAR-CliP - A Method to Identify Transcriptome-wide the Binding Sites of RNA Binding Proteins
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    PAR-CliP - A Method to Identify Transcriptome-wide the Binding Sites of RNA Binding Proteins

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    関連する実験動画

    Last Updated: Sep 9, 2025

    A Reporter Based Cellular Assay for Monitoring Splicing Efficiency
    08:53

    A Reporter Based Cellular Assay for Monitoring Splicing Efficiency

    Published on: September 15, 2021

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    Exploring Sequence Space to Identify Binding Sites for Regulatory RNA-Binding Proteins
    11:34

    Exploring Sequence Space to Identify Binding Sites for Regulatory RNA-Binding Proteins

    Published on: August 9, 2019

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    PAR-CliP - A Method to Identify Transcriptome-wide the Binding Sites of RNA Binding Proteins
    12:24

    PAR-CliP - A Method to Identify Transcriptome-wide the Binding Sites of RNA Binding Proteins

    Published on: July 2, 2010

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  • ブランチポイント配列とU2snRNAの高度な互補性は,ワイルド型と安定したBSLとのスプライシングを強化した.
  • BSLまたはブランチポイント認識配列の変更は,腫瘍性経路のアップレギュレーションを含む,同様のスプライシングおよび遺伝子発現の変化をもたらしました.

    • 結論:

    • BSLの構造は,U2 snRNPのバイオゲネシスに影響を与え,初期ベースペアリング後にBSLの幹の解き放たれをイントロンが駆動する.
    • 変異したU2snRNAの変異は細胞に許容されるが,その存在はがんに関連した遺伝子のアップレギュレーションを含む反応を誘発する.
    • これらの発見は,U2 snRNA構造によるスプライシングの複雑な調節と,細胞応答と疾患経路への影響を強調しています.