がんにおける麻酔/鎮痛性免疫調節に対する精密アプローチへ

Hersh V Gupta¹, Kay S Tan², Gregory W Fischer^3,4

¹Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States.

Frontiers in anesthesiology

|September 5, 2025

まとめ

腫瘍変異負荷 (TMB) と部分ゲノム変異 (FGA) は,がん患者が麻酔薬や鎮痛薬にどのように反応するかを予測し,より良い生存結果のためのパーソナライズされたがん治療戦略を導くことができます.

科学分野:

癌研究
免疫学
薬理学について

背景:

麻酔薬や鎮痛薬は,免疫調節によってがんの再発と生存に影響を与える可能性があります.
腫瘍変異負荷 (TMB) や部分ゲノム変異 (FGA) などのバイオマーカーの調査は,腫瘍微環境 (TME) での薬物効果の精度アプローチを情報化することができます.

研究の目的:

麻酔薬/鎮痛薬の投与量と患者のアウトカムに関するTMBとFGAの予測的有用性を調査する.
薬の標的受容体遺伝子発現,TMB,FGA,および様々な癌の免疫細胞浸透の間の相関を分析する.

主な方法:

2つの臨床コホート (LUADとCOAD) と18種類の腫瘍から6, 488人の患者のTCGAデータを遡及的に分析した.
DeSeqを使用したTMBおよびFGAに関連した麻酔薬/鎮痛薬標的の量化差異遺伝子発現.
CIBERSORTを用いた薬剤受容体の免疫細胞の局所化を推定した.

主要な成果:

増加したTMBとFGAは,LUAD生存におけるオピオイド前立腺腫瘍効果を強めたが,TMBはケタミンの反発に対する抗腫瘍効果を調節した.
COADでは,増加したTMBは,再発に対するオピオイドの抗腫瘍効果を高めました.
薬剤標的受容体の遺伝子発現は,免疫細胞型特異性を持つがん種間でTMBとFGAと相関しています.

結論:

TMBとFGAは,免疫調節による生存に対する麻酔薬/鎮痛薬の効果に対する個々の患者の反応を予測するバイオマーカーとして潜在性を示しています.
発見は,がんにおける麻酔薬/鎮痛薬のメカニズムに関するさらなる研究のための分子標的を示唆しています.
精密性オンコアナルジェシアのアプローチは,腫瘍学的結果を最適化することができます.

キーワード:

鎮痛剤麻酔免疫調節免疫療法ケタミンケトロラックオピオイド精密医療とゲノミクス

さらに関連する動画

06:40

An In Vivo Mouse Model of Total Intravenous Anesthesia During Cancer Resection Surgery

Published on: June 8, 2021

2.5K

15:04

Potentiation of Anticancer Antibody Efficacy by Antineoplastic Drugs: Detection of Antibody-drug Synergism Using the Combination Index Equation

Published on: January 19, 2019

12.3K

関連する概念動画

01:27

Tumor Immunotherapy

658

Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.

658

01:30

Cancer Vaccines

509

Cancer treatment vaccines are a rapidly evolving field that offers a promising approach to immunotherapy. Unlike traditional vaccines that prevent diseases, cancer treatment vaccines are designed to treat existing cancers by stimulating the immune system to recognize and attack cancer cells.
Cancer vaccines come in two categories: preventive (prophylactic) and treatment (active). Preventive vaccines, such as the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, protect against viruses that cause certain...

509

02:50

Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine

5.1K

Combining two or more treatment methods increases the life span of cancer patients while reducing damage to vital organs or tissue from the overuse of a single treatment. Combination therapy also targets different cancer-inducing pathways, thus reducing the chances of developing resistance to treatment.
The combination of the drug acetazolamide and sulforaphane is a good example of combination therapy to treat cancer. The cells in the interior of a large tumor often die due to the hypoxic and...

5.1K

02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

7.8K

The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against...