2013年から2023年の間,ブラジルのミナス・ジェライス州における結核の疫学とCOVID-19のパンデミックの影響
Renan Clímaco do Bem Braga1, Igor Rosa Meurer2, Maisah Meyhr D'Carmo Sodré3
1Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Brazil.
Frontiers in public health
|September 5, 2025
まとめ
ミナス・ジェライスの結核 (TB) 症例は着実に増加し,2023年にピークに達しました. COVID-19 パンデミックは報告に影響を与え,薬剤耐性結核の症例が増加する可能性がありました.
科学分野:
- 流行病学について
- 感染症
- 公衆衛生
背景:
- Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTC) によって引き起こされる結核 (TB) は,世界的な健康上の脅威である.
- 結核 の 抑制 に 関する 努力 に も かかわら ず,結核 は 世界 的 に 死亡 の 主要 な 原因 と なっ て い ます.
- この研究は,ブラジルのミナス・ジェライス州における結核の流行傾向に焦点を当てています.
研究 の 目的:
- ミナス・ジェライス州における 2013年から2023年の結核の流行傾向を分析する.
- 結核症例の通知に対するCOVID-19の影響を評価する.
- 人口統計と結核の危険因子の関連性を特定する.
主な方法:
- 利用したDATASUSの疫学データ (2013-2023)
- 評価された症例数,性別,人種,教育,年齢,HIV共感染,併発性疾患 (糖尿病),リスク要因 (喫煙,アルコール依存症).
- 特定された TB 症例数が最も多い自治体
主要な成果:
- 結核の症例は毎年一貫して増加し,2023年にピークに達した (全症例の12.5%).
- 最も影響を受けたのは 25歳から54歳までの男性で 低学歴で 肌の色が茶色でした
- 結核とHIVの併感染率の増加;糖尿病,喫煙,アルコール依存症は,特に男性における重要な併発症/危険因子でした.
結論:
- ミナス・ジェライス州では 結核は依然として深刻な公衆衛生問題です
- COVID-19 パンデミックは,薬剤耐性結核の報告不足と増加に寄与した可能性が高い.
- 高リスクグループに対する標的型介入は結核の制御に不可欠です.
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