75歳以下および75歳以上の高齢者の生活空間移動性を説明する明確な要因
Samar Assadi Khalil1,2, Efrat Gil3, Roy Tzemah-Shahar1
1Faculty of Social Welfare & Health Sciences, The Cheryl Spencer Department of Nursing, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel.
GeroScience
|September 5, 2025
まとめ
高齢者のライフスペースの移動性は年齢によって異なります. 75歳未満の人のLSMに影響を与える要因には 移動性や社会的な関与が含まれる一方,高齢者のバランス自信や認知能力も影響を受ける.
科学分野:
- ゲロントロジー と 老年 医学
- リハビリテーション科学
- 公衆衛生
背景:
- ライフ スペース モビリティ (LSM) は,高齢者の日常生活への参加に不可欠です.
- LSMは個人や環境要因に影響を受け,年齢とともに減少します.
- 以前の研究では,高齢者を年齢のサブグループに分け,LSMの要因を調べることはありませんでした.
研究 の 目的:
- コミュニティに住む高齢者のLSMに関連する要因を特定する.
- 75歳以下と75歳以上の2つの年齢サブグループでこれらの要因を比較します.
主な方法:
- 神経疾患や認知症のない65歳以上の242人の成人を対象とした横断研究.
- LSM (ライフスペースアセスメント),モビリティ (タイムアップ&ゴー),認知 (MoCA),落ちる恐怖 (ABC),うつ病 (HADS) を評価した.
- 雇用,家出の頻度,機能的状態,医薬品に関するデータを収集した.
- 若者 (<75) と高齢者 (≥75) のサブグループで別々の回帰分析を行った.
主要な成果:
- 若いサブグループでは,性別,家を出る頻度,移動性 (TUG),雇用/ボランティアの地位がLSMの 42.8%の変動を説明しました.
- 高齢サブグループでは,性別,年齢,バランス自信 (ABC),認知能力 (MoCA),および移動能力 (TUG) がLSMの変異の46.9%を説明しました.
- 各年齢層では異なる要因がLSMに大きく影響した.
結論:
- 75歳以下の高齢者と75歳以上の高齢者の間で,生活空間の移動性に関連する要因は著しく異なります.
- 高齢者におけるLSMの改善を目的とした将来の介入は,特定の年齢層に合わせたものでなければなりません.
- この詳細なアプローチは,年齢による移動と参加の変化の理解を深めます.
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