メキシコにおける妊娠糖尿病の発生率,2008年から2023年
Niels H Wacher1, Rita A Gómez-Díaz1, Ivan De Jesús Ascencio-Montiel2
1Unidad de Investigación Médica en Epidemiología Clínica, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, Mexico.
Archives of medical research
|September 5, 2025
まとめ
メキシコでは,2008年から2023年にかけて妊娠中糖尿病 (GDM) の発生率は全国的に著しく増加しました. 近年では10代女性と成人女性の割合が高く,地域差が認められています.
科学分野:
- * 産婦人科
- * 公衆衛生
- * 流行病学
背景:
- * 妊娠中糖尿病 (GDM) は,母と乳児の健康に重大なリスクをもたらします.
- GDMの発生傾向を理解することは,効果的な公衆衛生の介入に不可欠です.
- * メキシコ の 社会 保障 機関 (IMSS) は,国民 の 健康 傾向 を 分析 する ため の 大 規模 な データ セット を 提供 し て い ます.
研究 の 目的:
- * 2008年から2023年までのメキシコのIMSS受益者におけるGDMの年間発生率を決定する.
- GDM率の動向を分析し,人口統計的および地域的変動を特定する.
- * GDMの予防と管理戦略のためのデータベースの洞察を提供すること.
主な方法:
- * 2008年から2023年にかけての IMSS 感染症監視機関自動化システム (SIAVE) のデータを活用した.
- * ICD-10 O24.4 診断コードを用いてGDMを特定した.
- 年率変化 (APC) と 平均年率変化 (AAPC) を計算するジョイポイント回帰分析を用いる.
主要な成果:
- 妊娠中の糖尿病の103,749例が記録され,毎年GDMの発生率は一貫して増加しています.
- *GDMの発生率は2021年に19歳以下の女性で,2022年に20歳以上の女性でピークに達しました.
- * 北部地域ではGDMの発生率が最も高く,西部地域ではAAPCが最も高い (21.1%).
結論:
- * 2008年から2023年の間にGDMの発生率が全国的に著しく上昇した.
- * 十代の女性も成人も,近年GDMの割合が増加しています.
- *GDMの発生率と傾向における地域的な大きな差異は,ターゲット化された公衆衛生イニシアチブの必要性を強調しています.
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